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1、Unit 4 Distinguished ArchitectsText ANew Wordl hire on 接受雇佣to accept the job or to the employl aspiring a. 有志气的，有抱负的desiring or striving for recognition or advancementl overlapping a. 重迭的，交搭的covering with a design in which one element covers a part of another (as with tiles or shingles) l interpenet
2、rating a. 相互渗透的 to spread completely through something or from one thing to another in each directionl designate v. 清楚地标出或指出to state officially that a place or thing has a particular character or purpose l hovering a. 翱翔的，盘旋的to stay in one place in the air, usually by moving the wings quicklyl craze
3、d a. 疯狂的behaving in a wild or strange way, especially because of strong emotions or extreme pain l turmoil n. 混乱的a state of confusion, uncertainty or disorder l domestic chores .家务杂活 some houseworkl prolific a. 作品多的，多产的producing a great number or amount of somethingl re-invigorate v. 再次激励 try to mak
4、e someone feel fresher, healthier and more energetic againl inter v. 埋葬to bury a dead bodyepitaph n.碑文，墓志铭a short piece of writing or a poem about a dead person, especially one written on their gravestone l gravesite n. 墓地，坟墓an area of land ,where are buriedArchitectural terms:l civil engineering 土木
5、工程（学）the planning and building of things not used for religious or military purposes, such as roads, bridges and public buildings. someone whose job is to plan and build public buildings, roads, bridges, etc.l residential a. 居住的，住所的A residential road, area, etc. has only private houses, not offices
6、and factoriesl prairie house 草原住宅Frank Lloyd Wright revolutionized the American home when he began to design Prairie style houses with low horizontal lines and open interior spaces. l crucifix n. 十字架（型）model or picture representing Jesus Christ on a crossl plaster n. 灰泥，灰浆a substance which becomes h
7、ard as it dries and is used especially for spreading on walls and ceilings in order to give a smooth surfaceProper Namesl Adler and Sullivan 阿德勒和沙利文Adler was a civil engineer who, with his partner Louis Sullivan, designed many buildings including the Guaranty Building in Buffalo, New York1, the Chic
8、ago Stock Exchange Building (18941972) and the Auditorium Building, l Prairie school 草原学派Prairie School was a late 19th and early 20th century architectural style, most common to the Midwestern United States.l The works of the Prairie School architects are usually marked by horizontal lines, flat or
9、 hipped roofs with broad overhanging eaves, windows grouped in horizontal bands, integration with the landscape, solid construction, craftsmanship, and discipline in the use of ornamentl Arts and Crafts Movement 艺术与工艺运动The Arts and Crafts Movement was an international design movement that originated
10、 in England and flourished between 1880 and 1910, continuing its influence up to the 1930s. The movement advocated truth to materials and traditional craftsmanship using simple forms and often medieval, romantic or folk styles of decoration. It also proposed economic and social reform and has been s
11、een as essentially anti-industriall Taliesin 塔里埃森Taliesin (c. 534 c. 599) was a Welsh poet of the post-Roman period whose work has possibly survived in a Middle Welsh manuscript, the Book of Taliesin. Taliesin was a renowned bard who is believed to have sung at the courts of at least three Celtic Br
12、itish kings.l Imperial Hotel 帝国饭店The Hotel Vintage Plaza, formerly the Imperial Hotel and informally The Plaza, is a historic hotel building in downtown, Portland, Oregon, United States.l Taliesin Fellowship 塔里埃森设计团体Fallingwater 流水别墅Fallingwater or Kaufmann Residence is a house designed by American
13、architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1935 in rural southwestern Pennsylvania, 50 miles southeast of Pittsburgh. The home was built partly over a waterfall on Bear Run in the Mill Run section of Stewart Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania, in the Laurel Highlands of the Allegheny Mountains.l Johnson Ad
14、ministration Building 约翰逊办公大楼Johnson Administration Building was of great simplicity, in his words. On the 245 square foot site, he placed a double-height great workroom measuring more than 120 feet by 200 feet, with columns spaced at twenty feet in both directions, surrounded by a 17-foot deep mezz
15、anine and a solid brick wall at the outer edge.l Usonian house “桑年”房屋Usonian is a term usually referring to a group of approximately sixty middle-income family homes designed by Frank Lloyd Wright beginning in 1936 with the Jacobs House.1 The Usonian Homes were typically small, single-story dwelling
16、s without a garage or much storage, L-shaped to fit around a garden terrace on odd (and cheap) lots, with native materials, flat roofs and large cantilevered overhangs for passive solar heating and natural cooling, natural lighting with clerestory windows, and radiant-floor heatingl Price Tower 普赖斯大厦The Price Tower was commissio
