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1、历年考研翻译真题汇编详解（2005-2010） 2010年真题One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to
2、continuance.When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it .We invert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. (46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the e
3、ffect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47) but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matt
4、er of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48) Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the
5、physically weak, or that they prey only on worthless species.Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. (49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-comm
6、ercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land com
7、munity that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.46. Scinentists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insec
8、ts would eat us up if birds failed to control them。解析：句子的主干是scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence，后接that 引导的同位语从句。If引导的条件状语从句修饰that从句。to the effect that大意是，意思是； fail to 未能； jump to立即，赶快 the rescue营救，援救，解救。参考译文：科学家们立即拿出某些明显站不住脚的证据前来救驾，大致说的是如果鸟儿不能控制害虫的话，害虫就会把我们吃掉。47. but
9、we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue survival as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us。解析：句子主干we have drawn near the point。介词短语of admitting that.。.作定语修饰point。其中嵌套了that从句作admit的宾语从句。regardless of.。.作让步状语
10、。a matter of .。.的问题，大约；draw near 接近，靠近；intrinsic right天生的权利，固有的权利；economic advantage经济利益，经济优势。参考译文：但是我们至少已经几乎承认了这样一种观点：不管鸟类对我们是否有经济利益，生存都是它们的固有权利。48. Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak,or that the
11、y prey only on worthless species。解析：主干time was when.。when引导了表语从句。Time was when可看作固定短语，译为从前，曾经。注意两个并列同位语从句的翻译。参考译文：曾几何时，生物学家总是重述以下的这条证据：这些生物通过捕食弱小的动物去维持生物链的正常运行，或它们只是去捕食没有价值的物种。49. In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of na
12、tive forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason。解析：句子的主体是the noncommercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community，包含被动语态。句子开头是一个where引导的定语从句，to be preserved是修饰noncommercial tree species的成分。Within reason合情合理的，理智的。注意被动语态的处理。参考译文：欧洲的林业从生态上讲较为先进，它把没有成为商业化对象的树
13、种视为原始森林群落的成员而适当地加以保护。50. It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning。解析：句子主干It tends to ignore many elements；两个that从句意思上转折，句法上为并列的定语从句，修饰the land community。注意插入语、定语从句以及代词指代的处理。
14、参考译文：这一体系容易忽视并最终消灭很多缺乏商业价值的物种，然而这些物种对于整个生物群落的健康运行是至关重要的。2009年真题There is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young. In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the ex
15、press reason of the association.46 It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive. Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling
