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1、三大从句从句可分为定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句，它们是中学阶段的重要语法项目，其引导词的选择既是高考必考点，又是同学们学习与复习的一大难点。定语从句是形容词性从句，相当于形容词的用法，其功能是修饰先行词，对其性质、特征进行描述，先行词在定语从句中一般充当主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语等。状语从句是副词性从句，相当于副词的用法，其功能是在复合句中作状语。根据状语从句的含义，状语从句一般可以充当时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，一般在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语或同位语。20112013课标区高考考点统计考情解读 年份数量考点20132012
2、2011合计三大从句的考查历年都是高考的重点，关联词的选择是高考的主要考点，定语从句中对which的考查，宾语从句中对what和that的考查，以及对让步、时间和条件状语从句的考查是重中之重。定语从句16151546状语从句12171544名词性从句主语从句6741740宾语从句45413同位语从句0437表语从句1023定语从句中which的考查1(2013江苏高考)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, _ he remembers starting as early as his childhood
3、.Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen解析：选B考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“_ he remembers starting as early as his childhood”为定语从句，先行词是passion，且空处在从句中作宾语，因此选which。2(2013安徽高考)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, _ made one of the Chinese peoples longheld dreams come true.Ait Bthat Cwhat Dwhich解析：选D考查定语从句。
4、句意：莫言获得了2012年诺贝尔文学奖，这使得中国人民很久以来的一个梦想得以实现。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。it和what不能引导定语从句，可排除；that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句。which既可引导限制性定语从句也可引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，高考中的考查重点是which在非限制性定语从句中的应用。which引导非限制性定语从句时，常代指整个主句。We hope the measures to control house prices, which are taken by the government, will succeed. 我们希望政府采取的控
5、制房价的措施会成功。定语从句中where的考查1(2013新课标全国卷)When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _ I would be staying.Awhat Bwhen Cwhere Dwhich解析：选C考查定语从句。句意：当我到达时，布莱恩带我去看了我即将居住的房子。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where来引导。2(2013江西高考)He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.Awhat Bwhich
6、Cwhere Dhow解析：选C考查定语从句。句意：他写了一封信，在信中他解释了在那起事故中发生了什么。分析句子成分可知，空处引导定语从句，a letter是先行词，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。where在这里相当于in which。3(2012重庆高考)Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sales.Awhich Bthat Cwhen Dwhere解析：选D考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句。position是先行词，定语从句中缺少地
7、点状语，故用关系副词where。where引导定语从句时，在从句中作状语，主要有以下两种情况：(1)表示具体的地点Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet where life has developed gradually.(2010福建高考)史蒂芬霍金认为，地球可能不是唯一有生命进化的行星。(2)表示模糊的地点和抽象意义的地点(常见的先行词有race, job, activity, case, situation, point, position, stage, degree等)，但这
8、些词在从句中作主语或宾语时用that/which。They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.(作状语)他们已经到了必须分手的地步。Remember that there is still one point which we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.(作宾语) 记住在明天的会议上我们还有一点必须弄清楚。名词性从句中what的考查1(2013新课标全国卷)Police have found _ appears to be the lo
9、st ancient statue.Awhich Bwhere Chow Dwhat解析：选D考查名词性从句。句意：警察找到的东西似乎是那尊丢失的古代雕像。分析句子成分可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，故用what。2(2013北京高考)_ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.AThat BWhat CWho DWhich解析：选B考查主语从句。句意：让这本书如此非凡的是作者创造性的想象力。所填词引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语，故选B。what引导名词性从句时表示“所有的事物
10、/东西，凡是的事物”，充当从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语。The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of what others actually understand.(what在从句中作宾语)(2011上海高考)你想用语言所传达的信息可能与他人所理解的恰恰相反。Making mistakes is a part of life. What matters is what you do afterwards.犯错误是在所难免的。重要的是你事后如何去应对。名词性从句中that的考查1(2013
11、山东高考)Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.Awhat Bwhose Cwhich Dthat解析：选D考查宾语从句。句意：得知我们离开时狗会得到很好的照顾真高兴。分析句子成分可知，所填词引导宾语从句，而且在从句中不作任何句子成分，故选D。2(2012北京高考)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently.Awhy Bhow Cthat Dwhether解析：选C
12、 考查宾语从句。句意：Jerry不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式来表达。that he could have expressed it differently是由that引导的宾语从句，作felt的宾语。that在从句中不作成分。that引导名词性从句时，没有词义，不作句子的任何成分，只起连接词的作用。Experts believe that people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. (2013北京高考) 专家认为可以通过只有需要食物时才购物这一方法减少食物的浪费。名词性从句中whethe
13、r的考查1(2013陕西高考)It remains to be seen _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhether解析：选D考查主语从句。句意：这个新形成的委员会的政策能否实施还有待观察。分析句子结构可知，It作形式主语，而真正的主语是后面的从句“_ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice”；再根据句意来判断，此处表示“是否”的意思。故选D。2(2012安徽高考)The limi
14、ts of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but_ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.Awhere Bwhether Cthat Dwhy解析：选B考查主语从句的引导词。句意：一个人的智力极限，通常来说，出生时就已经定型了，但他是否能够达到这些极限则取决于他的生活环境。根据“depend on”可知，主语从句“ _ he reaches these limits”中含有不确定因素，故用whether，选B。 whether为连词，在从句中不作任何成分，意为“是否”。It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.(2012山东高考)在这家商店，你是用现金还是信用卡支付都没有关系。让步状语从句的考查1(2013江苏高考)In the global economy,
