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1、 虚拟语气一、 教学目标1、 理解虚拟语气的基本定义。2、掌握If引导虚拟语气的三种基本句型。3、掌握虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用。二、教学重难点1、 混合虚拟语气的辨析。2、 含蓄虚拟语气的辨析。三、教学过程（一） 、导入语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度，语气分为三种：陈述语气，祈使语气，虚拟语气。 Eg:Tom dose not like go shopping. Please pass the salt to me.Thank you! If I were you, I would accept his offer.虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存
2、在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。虚拟语气主要运用于非真实条件句及各种复合从句中。（二）、教学步骤非真实条件句如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。 If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.从 句主 句与现在事实相反动词的过去式（be的过去式一般用were）would/ should/ could/ might +
3、动词原形与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词would/ should/ could/ might + have + 过去 分词与将来事实相反 动词过去式，should + 动词原形，were to + 动词原形 would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形1.if引导的非真实条件虚拟语气 注: 主句中的should只用于I、we，但在美国英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的should 可用于各种人称。 Eg: If my brother were here, everything would be all right. If you had taken
4、my advice, you wouldnt (could not) have failed in the exam. If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should (would/could/might) go to see my grandmother.Exercise 1: 1. If you asked your father, you _ permission. A. may get B. might get C. should have got D. may have got 2.Sorry, I am too busy now. If I_D_time.
5、 I would certainly go for an outing with you.(2012.湖南) A. have had B. had had C. have D.had 3.Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she_D_ there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often. (2012.安徽） A. lives B. would live C. having asked D. were to live 4. If we _ birth
6、 control earlier, China _ such a large population. A. had begun, wouldnt have B. had begun, wouldnt have had C. began, wouldnt have D. should begin, wouldnt have had2.错综时间条件句条件从句中的谓语动词发生时间与主句谓语时间不一致eg: If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now. If they had left early this morning
7、, they would arrive in half an hour.Exercise4: 1.If we _ an exam this afternoon(have), I _shopping now(go). 2.If you _this moment( hesitate), you_ in the future(suffer). 3.If I had worked harder at school, I _ in a comfortable office now. A. would sit B. would have sit C. would be sitting D. were si
8、tting3.含蓄条件句由or, otherwise,with,without,but for等引出的介词短语，有时隐含虚拟，但本身不是条件句。Eg: What would you do with a million dollars? Without air, there would be no living things.有时，只在条件句或主句中使用虚拟语气，而另一分句用陈述语气。Eg: If you should change your mind, do let me know。Exercise2:1. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he_
9、A_.(2010.安徽) A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy D.will be busy 2. But for the help of my English teacher, I _B_ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.(2009.福建) A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D, would have won 3. (2008山东)Thank you for all your hard work last wee
10、k. I dont think we _ it without you。 A. can manage B. could have managed C. could manage D. can have managed 4. (河南省2009年毕业班教学调研) Why didnt you come to Mikes birthday party yesterday? Well, I_, but I forgot it。 A.should have B.must C.should D.must have4.if的省略如果从句的谓语部分是had, should或were，if可以省略，将had, s
11、hould或were移至主语之前，构成倒装语序。例如：eg: Had he known my address(=If he had known my address), he would have visited me earlier。 Were I you(=If you were I), I would get on well with my classmates。Exercise3: 1.Had they known what was coming next,they_D_ second thoughts.(2012.浙江) A. may have B. could have C. mu
12、st have had D. might have had 2.Were it not for the snowy weather, we _all right. A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be 3. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 4. _today, he w
13、ould get there by Friday. A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves二、虚拟语气的其他用法1.主语从句在It is important (strange，natural，necessary, essential)that这类句型里，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用 “should+动词原形”结构，should 可省略。Eg: It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules. 2.宾语从句(1)wish后的宾语从句 过去式（从句动作与wish同时发生） 过去完成时（从句动作先于wish发生） 过去将来时（could/would/might+动词原形，从句动作后于wish发生）Eg: I wish I knew the answer to the question. I wish (wished) I hadnt spent so much money. I wish you would come soon.If only 用法同wish. If only= how I wish(2) 在suggest，demand，ord
