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1、 高二英语必修五的知识点归纳 【现在完成进展时】 1. 现在完成进展时的定义 现在完成进展时表示某动作从过去某个时间开头，始终连续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。如： We have been waiting for him for two hours. 我们等他等了两个小时。 2. 现在完成进展时的构造 现在完成进展时由“have /has been + 现在分词”构成。 3. 现在完成进展时的应用 现在完成进展时所用的时间状语：this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, in the past few + 时间段, sin
2、ce +时间点, for + 时间段。如： They have been building the bridge for two month. 两个月来他们始终在修桥。 They have been planting trees this month. 这个月来他们始终在植树。 4. 现在完成进展时与现在完成时的区分 (1) 现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进展时强调动作的连续，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而不能用现在完成进展时。如： He has changed his idea. 他转变了想法。 (2) 在表示动作的连续时，虽然既可用现在完成时，也可用现在完成进展时，但现在
3、完成进展时强调动作的进展。因此在需要明确表示动作还要持续下去时，应用现在完成进展时。如： We have been studying here for two years. 我们在这儿已经学习了两年了。 (3) 有些连续性动词(如 keep, learn, live, stay, study, work等)，用于现在完成时或现在完成进展时的区分不大。如： I have lived here for many years.=I have been living here for many years. 我在这儿住了多年了。 【动词语法】 1 系动词 系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb)，作为
4、系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必需跟表语(亦称补语)，构成系表构造说明主语的状况、性质、特征等状况。说明：有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语。例如： He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。(fell是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语状况。) He fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词，单独作谓语。 1)状态系动词 用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。例如： He is a teacher.他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。) 2)持续系动词 用来表示主语连续或保持一种状况或态度，主要
5、有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand。例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持缄默。 This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。 3)表像系动词 用来表示看起来像这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look。例如： He looks tired. 他看起来很累。 He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很难过。 4)感官系动词 感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。 例如： This kind of cloth fe
6、els very soft. 这种布手感很软。 This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。 5)变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。例如： He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。 She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。(北京安通学校供应) 6)终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达证明，变成之意。例如： The rumor p
7、roved false.这谣言证明有假。 The search proved difficult.搜查证明很难。 His plan turned out a success. 他的打算最终胜利了。(turn out表终止性结果) 2 助动词 1)帮助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。被帮助的动词称作主要动词。助动词自身没有词义，不行单独使用。例如： He doesnt like English.他不喜爱英语。 (doesnt是助动词，无词义;like是主要动词，有词义) 2) 助动词帮助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来： a. 表示时态。例如： He is singing.他在（唱歌）。(北京安
8、通学校供应) He has got married.他已结婚。 b. 表示语态。例如： He was sent to England.他被派往英国。 c. 构成疑问句。例如： Do you like college life?你喜爱大学生活吗? Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗? d. 与否认副词not合用，构成否认句。例如： I dont like him. 我不喜爱他。 e. 加强语气。例如： Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上肯定来参与晚会。 He did kn
9、ow that. 他确实知道那件事。 3) 最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would等。 3 助动词be的用法 1) be +现在分词，构成进展时态。例如： They are having a meeting.他们正在开会。 English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。(北京安通学校供应) 2)be + 过去分词，构成被动语态。例如： The window was broken by Tom.窗户是汤姆打碎的。 高二英语必修五的学问点归纳2 1. consist of =
10、 be made up of 由组成 (没有进展时) e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. =Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK. 2. 区分: ? separate . from (把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分别出来) ? divide.into 把分开 (把整体分为若干局部) e.g. The teacher divided the class into two groups. The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan
11、 from Fujian. 3. debate about sth. e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days. debate /argue/ quarrel 4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清;说明;清晰;明白 e.g. I hope what I say will clarify the situation. Can you clarify the question? 5. be linked to = be con
12、nected to /be joined to 连接 【习惯用语】 link A to B 将A和B连接起来 6. refer to 1)提及，指的是 e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us? 2) 参考;查阅;询问 e.g. If you dont understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries. Please refer to the last page of the book for answers. 3) 关系到;关乎 e.g.
13、 What I have to say refers to all of you. This rule refers to everyone. reference: n. 参考 e.g. reference books 参考书 7. to ones surprise (prep) “to ones + 名词” 表 “令某人” 常见的名词有 “delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等 e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.
14、 To Johns great relief they reached the house at last. 8. . found themselves united peacefully “find +宾语+宾补( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词（短语）;不定式)” e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. Youll find him easy to get along with. They found themselves trapped by the bush fire. When I woke up, I found myself
