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1、中考英语语法讲解资料及练习（共18讲）第1讲：名词名词当然是大家都很熟悉的了，我们吃的food，喝的drinks，穿的clothes 都是名词。It is easy, right? 但是你可能被名词的单复数变化、名词作定语以及名词所有格等问题搞得糊里糊涂的，到底该怎么用呢？OK,follow me。 First, 名词复数的特殊变化。 普通名词的复数我们知道是直接加-s或 -es，可是偏偏有一些名词不听话，变化不规则。这些小调皮是： a. class, box, watch, brush等词以 s, x, ch, sh, 结尾，复数要加-es； b. story, factory 等以辅音字母
2、+y结尾的词复数要先将-y 变成-i再加-es； c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe结尾的词一般先将-f或-fe变为-v, 再加-es； d. 以-o结尾的名词，一般来说，末尾是元音字母+o 的词加-s，我们学过的有radio,zoo。末尾是辅音字母+o的词，变复数加-es。如：tomato, hero, potato，当然其中的piano 和photo，又是一个例外，他们的结尾只能加-s。 e. child（children）, foot（feet）, tooth（teeth）, mouse（mice）, man（men ）, woman（women ）等词的复数变化
3、全不遵循规则。 注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans；f. deer，sheep等词更是懒得可以，竟然单复数同形。好记好记。 people，police，cattle 等词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数，所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式，这就是集体名词。the English，the French，the Chinese等名词表示国民总称时，也作复数用。 注意：maths，politics，physics等学科名词,虽然以-s结尾
4、，仍为不可数名词。还有theUnited States(美国），the United Nations（联合国）等应视为单数。 别奇怪，名词有时也可以作定语的。它作定语时一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 a. man, woman等作定语时，它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定。如：menworkers， women teachers。 b. 数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符。如：a ten-mile walk十里路，two-hundred trees 两百棵树。 哇！这些问题好复杂，我好想轻松一下。那我们就轻轻松松地面对名词所有格问题。 这里面内容可谓少之又少，可也不能
5、小视呦。 名词所有格： 表示“的”通常是在名词的后面加-s，如：Childrens day，fathers shoes。但以-s结尾的名词因为已经有s了，只需加 就OK了。如果两个名词并列，并且分别有s，.则表示“分别有”。.如：Johns and Marys room（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；两个名词并列，只有一个s，则表示共有。如：John and Marys room（约翰和玛丽共有一间）。还有些无生命名词的所属要用介词of来帮助一下，如：a map of China，the end of this term。 好，名词部分我们已经学完，Its a piece of cake? 接
6、下来到了我们趁热打铁的时间了， Are you ready? 练习： 1. All the _teachers and_students are having a meeting there. A. women girls B. women girl C. womangirls D. womangirl 2. Mr Black is a friend of _. A. Jacks aunts B. Jacks aunt C. Jack aunts D. aunts of Jack 3. This toy was made by a _ boy. A. ten-year-old B. ten-y
7、ears-old C. ten-year-older D.ten-years-older 4. The farmer raised ten _. A. sheeps B. deers C. horse D. cows 5. She looked at us sadly with her eyes as large as_. A. her grandmother B. her grandmothers C. her grandmothers D. that of her grandmother 6. We have moved into a _. A. two- storey house B.
8、house of two storey C. two-storeys house D. two storeys house 7. The _ was too much for the child to carry. A. boxs steel B. box of a steel C. steel box D. box of the steel 8. Well give our English teacher a card for _. A. the Teachers Day B. Teachers Day C. a Teachers Day D. Teachers Day 9. Li Ping
9、 met an old friend of _on a train yesterday. A. he B. him C. his D. her 10. _are big and bright. A. The classroom window B. The window of the classroom C. The windows of the classroom D. The classrooms windows 实战： 1. Dont worry. Your son will come back in _hour. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. This nice b
10、louse isnt mine. Its _. A. you B. your C. Lucy D. yours 3. Whats potato in Chinese?Its _ . A. 香蕉 B. 大白菜 C. 西红柿 D. 土豆 4. The ninth month of a year is _. A. December B. November C. September D. October 5. A: Must I leave now? B: No, you _. A. neednt B. mustnt C. dont D. wont 6. We have a history lesso
11、n _Wednesday afternoon. A. on B. of C. at D. to 7. Suan has made quite _friends since she came to China. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 8. A: Have you ever _to the West Lake? B: Yes, I _there last winter. A. gone, went B. been, went C. gone , have been D. been, have 9. Do you _English? A. tel
12、l B. say C. talk D. speak 10. A: May I _your ruler? B: OK, Im glad to _it to you. A. lend, borrow B. lend, lend C. borrow , lend D. borrow, borrow 11. Well go to the museum if it _tomorrow. A. cant rain B. wont rain C. dont rain D. doesnt rian 12. Do you know _? A. where does he study B. he studies
13、where C. where he studies D. he where studies 13. A: _do you go to see your grandparents? B: Once a month A. How often B. How long C. how much D. how many 14. A: Would you like another cup of orange? B: _Im full. A. No, thanks B. Yes, please. C. Here it is. D. I dont like. 15. You must be tired. Why
14、 not _a rest? A. to stop to have B. stop having C. stop to have D. to stop having第2讲：代词 我们刚刚讲完了名词，现在再来看看名词的brother代词。它与名词的作用其实很相似，所担当的句中成分也相差不多。 但也别小看代词呀！它还有很多的“小个性”呢！只要抓住它的几个“小脾气”，那么你就可以牢牢地掌握它了。 代词中第一个“小个性”就是物主代词。像my和mine这两个小冤家总是让人分不清谁是谁。但你只要记住它们最重要的区别my的后面一定要接名词，不可以单独出现，只能做定语，如：my father；而 mine则是名词性，只能单独出现，在句中做主语和表语。如：Mine is green. Its mine. 记住这两个句子，凡是名词性物主代词（yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs）就都可以放在mine的位置上了。这样，通过它们出现的位置不同，我们就可以把它们区别开了。 代词的第二个“罗嗦”就是它有一个小跟班
