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1、1 虚拟语气英语动词可有三种不同的语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。1. 陈述语气：陈述一个事实，或提出一个看法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。My favorite sport is swimming.Did it rain all day yesterday?What a good boy he is!2. 祈使语气：表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。Be careful!Dont forget to close the window.Lets go to the park this Sunday.3. 虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、建议、怀疑或推测。If
2、 I were you, I should study English harder.(表假设)I wish every family had a house of their own. (表愿望)The doctor advised that he (should) take exercise regularly.（表建议）It is surprising that he should be such a foolish man.他竟然这么愚蠢，真是令人吃惊！（表感到意外）He cant have arrived, for his car broke down on the way. 他不可
3、能已经到了，因为他的车坏在路上。（推测）第1讲 用相应的过去时态表示“愿望”7考点1. wish之后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气hope后面跟宾语从句时，只能用陈述语气：I hope you will have a good trip there.wish后面跟从句时只能用虚拟语气，表示“愿望”，与事实相反。本来是一般现在时的，要用成一般过去时；本来是一般过去时的，要用成过去完成时。 I wish I remembered the address. I wish you had written to him. I wish you would stop asking silly questions.
4、1. 【2002上海】How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had2. 【2011北京】Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they _ always late.A. werentB. hadnt been C. wouldnt beD. wouldnt have been3. I wish I _ you yesterday. A.
5、 sawB. did seeC. had seenD. were to see4. I didnt go to the party, but I do wish I _ there.A. wasB. wereC. had beenD. went考点2. if onlyonly if 表示“只有”; if only则表示“如果就好了”。I wake up only if the alarm clock rings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。If only the alarm clock had rung.要是闹钟响了就好了！表示现在的情况，应用过去式； 如果是过去的情况，应用过去完成时态。if o
6、nly 也可用于陈述语气。If only I had listened to your advice, things wouldnt have gone so wrong.5. 【2003上海春】Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _ your advice. A. followedB. would followC. had followed D. should follow6. If only Grandmother _ this together with us now.A. will seeB. could see C. must seeD. s
7、hould see7. I would get it for you _ I could remember who last borrowed it. A. on condition thatB. except that C. if onlyD. considering whether考点3. Its (high/about) time thatIt is (high/about) time that后谓语用过去式或“should动词原形（should不能省略）”表示“愿望”，含有抱怨或批评之意，意为“早就该做某事了”。It is time that the government took a
8、ction. It is about time that the government took action.It is high time that the government took action. It is (about high) time that the government should take action.但不可说It is high time that the government take action.因为should不能省略。8. It is high time the child _ to the hospital. A. is sentB. would
9、be sentC. be sentD. was sent9. Isnt it about time that you _ to pick up the visitors from New York? A. goneB. should goC. goD. will go10. It is time that the government _ measures to protect the rare birds and animals. A. takesB. tookC. has takenD. taking11. 【2012辽宁】Jack is a great talker. Its high
10、time that he _ something instead of just talking.A. will doB. has doneC. doD. did考点4. would rather 后跟从句时would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气。表示与现在或将来相反的愿望时，从句用一般过去时。Id rather you came next Saturday. 我宁愿你下星期六来。Id rather she sat next to me. 我宁愿她挨着我坐。表示与过去相反的愿望时用过去完成时。Id rather I hadnt said it. 我真希望我没有这样说过。
11、12. Shall we go to the movie tonight? No, Id rather _ at home with our baby. Youd better not leave it to the babysitter at night. A. you stayedB. you stayC. stayedD. stay 13. Frankly, Id rather you _ anything about it for the time being.A. doB. dont doC. didnt doD. will not do14. 【2010江苏】George is g
12、oing to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _ more on its culture.A. focusB. focusedC. would focusD. had focused写作专练1. 用相应的过去时态来表达“愿望”（P. 234）第2讲 用虚拟条件句表“假设”条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句。真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下
13、雨，我们就去公园。网搜高中英语语法通霸如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。（事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。）虚拟条件句分三种情况：与现在相反，与过去相反，与将来相反。其从句和主句的谓语形式如下：时 间if 条件句主 句过 去had donewould /should /could /might have done现 在did （were）would /should /could
14、/might do将 来should do were to do did （were）would /should/could/might do注：would, should, could与might的选择： 一般常用would，如同在真实条件句中主句常要用will一样。常译作“将、就会”。如：If I knew him, I would ask him for help. 如果我认识他的话，我就会向他求助。 should在虚拟条件句中用得最少，现在几乎不用。可能是因为在陈述语气中第一人称后面可以用shall，所以在虚拟语气中，理论上讲，第一人称后也可用should。但在现代英语中，特别是美语中，人们常说：Ill go home.或I will go home. 但很少人说I shall go home. 因此，在虚拟条件句中，should也很少用。 could用于虚拟条件句中时，有“能够，可能”之意。如：If you had come back a little earlier, you could have seen it yourself.如果你回来得再稍早一点，你就可能亲眼目睹这件事了。 might用于虚拟条件句时，常译作“或许”，表示可能性有，但不敢肯定。如：If I had been there, I might have quar
