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1、1. 一般功能词汇因果关系导致， 产生 give rise to, lead to, result in, be responsible for, prompt解析：give rise to, lead to, result in表示一般性的“导致、产生、造成”；be responsible for不仅表示为负责”，也可以表示产生”(being a source or cause)，但多指产生某种负面后果和不利局面”；prompt表示激发”(To move to act; spur; incite)，有“快速产生”之意。Fast-paced modern life is responsible
2、 for the consumption of junk food.The bishops speech has prompted an angry response from both political parties.Sharon Stones remarks about Chinas Sichuan paothqtedkengry responses from the Chinese public.T 产生于 result from, originate in (from)解析：result from表示“产生于”；originate in (from)表示发源自”例句： Youtia
3、o originated in China.弓 归因于 attribute .to, blame.on, be the (main) culprit of解析：attribute A to B表示将A归因于B”； blame A on B,表示将A (负 面的)归咎于 B”； culprit 本意表示“罪犯(one charged with a crime or an offense),比喻义表示“造成某种负面后果的原因”(the reason for a particular problem or difficulty)例句：Children today are getting increa
4、singly overweight. Experts believe that excessive consumption is the main culprit.T 使某人做某事 prompt sb to do sth, motivate sb to do sth解析： prompt 指“令某人做出某种具体行动的原因，强调快速激发”； motivate 指“成为某人的做某事的动机”Many great businessmen are motivated not but the desire for money.T 原因 cause, reason解析：cause指“造成某事客观原因”，rea
5、son指“用来解释的理由”。Reason 并不一定就是cause.跟cause有关的几种常用搭配：真实原因 real cause,根本原因 root cause, underlying cause 主要原因 major cause, primary cause 可能的原因 likely cause, possible cause contributory cause例句：The reason he gave for his poor academic performances is that he had recently went through an emotional meltdown.
6、 But I know that is not the_ real cause.Unhealthy eating habits have many other contributory causes.事物数量弓 几个 several, a number of, a couple of解析：several略显非正式；A number of是正式表达。A couple of daysAcross the street from me there are a couple of police officers standing guard 9很多个 可数 a large (vast) number
7、of, numerous, a host of, a legion of , a flock of , flock to do sth解析：A host of表示大量的”指”事物“。Legion本意指“军团”、flock本意 表羊群”，legion和flock都表示大量的某一类人”。例句： Making public transportation free might create a host of problems.Flocks of consumers are buying products that they have no real use for.9 很多，大量 不可数 a lar
8、ge(adequate) deal (amount, supply, quantity) of 辨析：quantity指“可以装在容器中的某物”；supply指“提供的某物” 例句： A large quantity of drugs, a large quantity of food and drink, a large supply of oxygen, a large supply of food9 很多可数&不可数plenty of辨析：plenty of可修饰可数和不可数名词9 充足的 sufficient, adequate辨析：指“数量”、 “质量“、 ”效力”能够满足需求的。例
9、句： Sufficient income, an adequate supply foofod, a sufficient supply of useful information9 不充足的 insufficient, inadequateT十分充足的ample辨析：指more than enough,搭配较为局限。例句： Ample evidence, ample opportunity, ample time重要性弓 重要的 basic, fundamental, essential, vital, integral, indispensable解析：essential表示“因为是本质，
10、所以必不可少的”；integral表示“因 为是构成整体的一部分，所以必不可少的”，经常出现在integral part这样 的搭配中； indispensable 表示“必不可少的”。Pets are an integral part of the American way of life弓 重要 must, necessity, precondition, prerequisite, priority解析：must做名词，表示“必要的某物” (Something indispensable)； prerequisite表示“先决条件”(Required or necessary as a
11、prior condition) If you live in a city, a car isa must.The seriousness of traffic jams highlightsthe necessity of controlling automobiles in cities.In the modern society, having a college diploma is almosta prerequisite for/to success.A sufficient TOEFL score is almost a prerequisite for applying fo
12、r American colleges or universities.T使成为必要necessitateApplying for American colleges or universities necessitates taking TOEFL.Having music classes necessitates buying musical instruments, which can be very expensive.T 紧迫 urgent, pressing, imperativeImperative表示“需要立刻关注或采取行动的”。(Compelling immediate at
13、tention)There is an urgent need for fresh water and ample food.Pressing need/matter/problemIt is imperative to protect the endangered animals.T不重要 minor, secondary, low priority, take the second placeProtecting the environment is urgent, but it does not mean that investing in medical care takes a ba
14、ck seat事物的大小和程度弓 较大 considerable, significant, considerably, significantlyT 巨大 tremendous(ly), enormous(ly)T过度 excessive, excessivelyT 极度 extreme, extremely在极端情况下 In extreme circumstances, in extreme casesT 合理适度 reasonable, reasonably, moderate, moderately 相似性T 相同的 be similar (to), alike, comparable
15、解析：similar和comparable既可以做表语也可以作定语，alike做定语和 状语。The Chinese culture and the Korean culture are alike (similar, comparable) in many aspects.The girls are of comparable (similar) ages.Lawyers and politicians alike (只能用 alike)require a strong ability to speak. T 不同的 different, distinct解析:distinct表示差异一望而
16、知的，截然不同的。”(Readily distinguishable from all othersrTraveling in foreign countries allow people to get a taste of distinct cultures.方面T aspect, facet解析： facet 本意是宝石的切面，比喻义“多个方面中的一个 (One of numerous aspects, as of a subject.rThe Internet has had tremendous impacts on every facet of the modern life. T In terms of在“某方面”变化
