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1、英语语言学试卷（一）I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. (2%X10=20%) 1.Saussures distinction and Chomskys are very similar, but they differ in that _. A. Saussure took
2、a sociological view of language while Chomsky took a psychological point of view B. Saussure took a psychological view of language while Chomsky took a sociological point of view C. Saussure took a pragmatic view of language while Chomsky took a semantic point of view D. Saussure took a structural v
3、iew of language while Chomsky took a pragmatic point of view 2. Language is a system of _ vocal symbols used for human communication.A. unnatural B. artificialC. superficial D. arbitrary 3. We are born with the ability to acquire language, _. A. and the details of any language system are genetically
4、 transmitted B. therefore, we neednt learn the details of our mother tongue C. but the details of language have to be learnt. D. and the details are acquired by instinct 4. A(n)_ is a phonological unit of distinctive value. It is a collection of distinctive phonetic features.A. phoneB. allophoneC. p
5、honeme D. sound5. The morpheme ed in the word “worked” is a (n) _ morpheme.A. derivationalB. inflectionalC. free D. word-forming 6. WH-movement is _ in English which changes a sentence from affirmative to interrogative.A. obligatory B. optional C. selectional D. arbitrary 7. Naming theory, one of th
6、e oldest notions concerning meaning, was proposed by _.A. Grice B. PlatoC. SaussureD. Ogden and Richards 8. “John married a blond heiress.”_ “John married a blond.”A. is synonymous withB. is inconsistent withC. entailsD. presupposes 9. In semantic analysis of a sentence, the basic unit is called _,
7、which is the abstraction of the meaning of a sentence.A. utterance B. referenceC. predication D. morpheme 10. In Austins speech act theory, _ is the act of expressing the speakers intention; it is the act performed in saying something.A. a perlocutionary act B. a locutionary actC. a constative act D
8、. an illocutionary act II. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1%X10=10%) 11. P_ relates the study of la
9、nguage to psychology. It aims to answer such questions as how the human mind works when people use language. 12. A d_ study of language is a historical study; it studies the historical development of language over a period of time. 13. Language is a system, which consists of two sets of structures,
10、or two levels. At the lower level, there is a structure of meaningless sounds, which can be combined into a large number of meaningful units at the higher level. This design feature is called d_. 14. The articulatory apparatus of a human being is contained in three important areas: the pharyngeal ca
11、vity, the o_ cavity and the nasal cavity. 15. The localization of cognitive and perceptual functions in a particular hemisphere of the brain is called l_. 16. S_ features such as stress, tone and intonation can influence the interpretation of meaning. 17. Phrase structure rules can generate an infin
12、ite number of sentences, and sentences with infinite length, due to their r_ properties. 18. H_ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings are identical in sound or spelling, or in both. 19. Some important missions of historical linguists are to identify and classify families of r
13、elated languages in a genealogical family tree, and to reconstruct the p_, the original form of a language family that has ceased to exist. 20. In Sociolinguistics, speakers are treated as members of social groups. The social group isolated for any given study is called the speech c_. III. Direction
14、s: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. (2%X10=20%) 21. Linguists believe that whatever occurs in the language people use should be described and analyzed in their investigation. ( ) 22. Language is arbitrary in the sense that there is no intrinsic connection between words and what these words actually refer to. ( )23. The conclusions we reach about the phonology of one language can be generalized into the study of anoth
