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1、1,原文：Scarcely four weeks have passed since the close of the Exhibition, some wares still stand unpacked in the deserted halls of the Hyde Park building, and already public attention has turned away from this “world-renowned event” toward other, perhaps more gripping events close at hand. None of the
2、 enthusiastic newspaper correspondents who on the opening day of the “world market” proclaimed the inauguration of a new era any longer voice their opinion on the subject. Yet the stimulation the event has left behind still ferments in the pensive minds and aspiring hearts of thousands. The far-reac
3、hing consequences of this impulse cannot be measured.距博览会结束已快有四周了，仍有一些未拆包的展品搁置在海德公园这座建筑空荡的大厅里，然而公众的注意力已经由这件“举世瞩目”的事件移至它处，移至或许是某些即将到来的更加吸引人的事件。那些热情高涨的新闻记者，他们曾在这个“世界大市场”开张那天声称这一开幕式是一个新纪元，而现在在这一问题上却都缄默无言。然而该事件刺激的余波还在继续激动着成千上万多思的大脑，鼓舞着人们的心灵。这一推动所引发的意义深远的结果是无法估量的。2,One may, if one wishes, consider the le
4、gend of the Babylonian confusion of tongues as the mythical gown of an early historical perception of international law, and the disorder it describes as the start of a more natural order.Likewise, a kind of Babel will be induced by the building of 1851, to which the people of the world brought thei
5、r products. This apparent confusion, however, is nothing more than the clear manifestation of certain anomalies within existing social conditions, whose cause and effects up to now could not be seen by the world so generally and so distinctly.文章中多次提到了“1851年”和“博览会”其实是指1851年在英国伦敦海德公园举办的第一届“世界博览会”就是极负盛
6、名的“水晶宫”世博会相关背景： http:/ will lie the most important meaning of the undertaking. Were the world not fully occupied with its internal contradictions, exernal restraints (whatever they may be) would surely be unable to impede its development.The shackles would fall by themselves if the urge that drives
7、the present became more generally aware of its aim.这里我将展开有关这一事件最重要意义的叙述。当世界还没有完全被它的内部矛盾占据时，外部制约（无论这制约是什么）肯定无法阻止它的发展。如果人们对某种能够驱动现实的迫切愿望的目标能够有种更普遍的意识，这种桎梏将会自行脱落。4,原文：To achieve this important result should be the duty of every true believer whose profession, whatever it is, enables him to contribute f
8、rom his vantage point. If he comprehends his sphere of influence and strives to give its general movement a direction he deems better, then truth and progress will gain. It matters not whether he is right or wrong in the particulars, for in both cases he prepares the material for revision and deeper
9、 insights and for the answer to those more general, cultural-philosophical questions that are the actual theme and that justify having set in motion such powerful and costly meansIt matters not whether he is right or wrong in the particulars(到这里是一个意群：在细节上，无论他是对是错), for in both cases he prepares the
10、material(到这里是又一个意群：因为无论对错，他都是在准备着材料) for (这个FOR是说明这些材料的用途) revision（第一个用途） and deeper insights（第二个用途） and for the answer（第三个用途） to those more general, cultural-philosophical questions （修饰第三个用途，说这第三个用途是准备回答那些更全面的文化哲学问题所需要的答案）that are the actual theme（修饰cultural-philosophical questions，说这个文化哲学问题才是真正的主
11、题）and that justify having set in motion such powerful and costly means.（还是修饰cultural-philosophical questions:这些文化哲学问题能够证明我们采取如此有力和代价高昂的行动是必要的。 ）达成这一重大目标应该成为每一位虔诚信徒的责任，无论他的职业是什么，使他能够从他的专长中有所贡献。如果他对他的影响能力有所知，并且在他认为是更好的方向上将这能力来一次全盘调动，那么我们的社会将变得更加真实和进步。在细节上，无论他是对的还是错的，因为无论对错，他都是在准备着材料，这些材料将用于他矫正过失、得到更深刻
12、的洞察力，以及回答那些更全面的文化哲学问题。这些文化哲学问题才是真正的主题，而且，这些文化哲学问题能够证明我们采取如此有力和代价高昂的行动是必要的。5,原文：It is with this view that a professional man ventures to take up one of those problems that the present offers,one that falls within the scope of his experience and upon which he was in the habit of reflecting during his
13、frequent visits to the Exhibition.Around the time of the opening of the Industrial Exhibition, I had the idea of presenting in a series of articles a comparative survey of its contents and searched for a scheme to follow. There were three possibilities.参考答案：我怀有这种观点：一个专业人士冒险面对一个现实提交给他的问题，一个在他经验范围内的问题
14、，并且基于这种经验，在他频繁出入博览会期间，他会作一种习惯的性思考。在工业博览会开幕之际，我有一种想法，我想在一系列文章里，将博鉴会的展品作一番比较调查，而且我制定了一个可被遵循的计划。这里有三种方法。It is with this view that（从句，应该不用多说了） a professional man ventures to take up one of those problems（这里是一个意群：一个专业人士冒险面对一个问题，一个什么样的问题呢？看后面） that the present offers（修饰problems，是现实提交给他的问题）,one that falls within the scope of his experience（还是修饰problems，一个在他经验范围内的问题） and upon which（这后面的从句是修饰experience） he was in the habit of reflecting during his frequent visits to the E
