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1、一、宾语从句：（一）做宾语从句的单选题应按两个步骤：1、从句用陈述句句式(主语+谓语)；2、时态搭配：(1) 当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时，从句可用所需要的任何时态。(2) 当主句为一般过去时态时，从句用过去的某一时态（一般过去时；过去进行时；过去将来时；过去完成时）。(3) 当从句表述的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或格言时，宾语从句要仍用一般现在时。Eg:-What did Mary say to Jim? -She asked Jim .A.how did he come to school B.if he was reading a newspaperC.wha
2、t could she do to help him D.if he is watching TV分析：根据第一步骤从句由主语+谓语可淘汰A和C，再根据第二步时态搭配主句是过去时从句应用过去的某一时态，故选B。（二）宾语从句练习：选择正确的答案填空：1.-Mr. King didnt know yesterday evening. -Let me tell him.A.when does his son come here B.when his son comes homeC.when did his son come home D.when his son came home2.-The t
3、eacher told us yesterday that the moon around the earth once every month. -Thats true.A.travels B.traveled C.has traveled D.will travel3.-Could you tell me yesterday? -Of course.A.what they do B.what they didC.what do they do D.what did they do4.-Somebody rang my doorbell just now, but I didnt know
4、. -Maybe its Jim.A.who were they B.who they were C.who was it D.who it was5.-Would you please tell me next, Mr. Wang? -OK.A.what should we do B.we should do whatC.what we should do D.should we do what6.Exceuse me, do you know ? -Sure, she is twelve.A.how old is he B.how old she is C.how old she was
5、7.Your dress is so beautiful. Could you tell me ? -Sure. I bought it in Xinhuadu Supermarket.A.where you will buy it B.where did you buy it C.where you bought it 8.Do you know for Japan? -Yes, hell leave next Monday.A.when will Bruce leave B.when Bruce will leave C.how Bruce will leave 9.Could you t
6、ell me ? -He is an actor.A.who he is B.what is he C.what he does 二、定语从句：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句放在先行词的后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导。关系代词有that, which who，whose或whom。关系副词有where（地点），which（时间），why（原因）。that在从句中作主语或宾语，指物或指人。Eg: People will do something that makes you angry.The girl that we saw yesterda
7、y was Jims sister.which在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。Eg:The story which he told was very interesting.who(后面加谓语动词)在从句中作主语，指人。Eg:The tall man who is playing basketball is Yao Ming.whom(后面加主语) 在从句中作宾语，指人。Eg:Thats the girl whom I met at the party yesterday.whose（后面加名词）指物或指人。Eg:Is this the boy whose parents went to Cana
8、da last year?定语从句练习：选择正确的答案填空：1.Have you seen a woman hat is pink? -Sorry, I didnt notice that. (泉州2011中考题)A.that B.what C.whose2.The teachers came for a visit are foreigners. (河北2011中考题)A.who B.whom C.whose D.which3.The first thing my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter. (广东2
9、011中考题) A.which B.that C.who D.who4.The whole world is fighting against the H1N1, a disease has caused many death. (绍兴2009中考题)A.who B.which C.whom D.what5.The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isnt it?-Yes, it has built many schools those children can study happily.(哈尔滨市2008中考题)A.where
10、B.when C.which6.Do you know the girl is standing under the tree?-She is my little sister.A.who B.which C.whom D.whose7.Do you have any friends here? -Only one. Jack is the only person I can get on well with.A.who B.which C.that8.The first thing my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a
11、letter. -Thats right.A.who B.which C.that D.why三、现在完成时（一）、构成：助动词have/has +v 的过去分词。（二）、现在完成时的用法：1、表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与already（已经）/ yet（还/尚） / just（刚刚） / ever（曾经） / never（从不） / before（以前）等连用。2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。常出现：for （计/达）/ since（自从） / these days / fr
12、om then on （从那时起）/ all ones life（某人一生） / in the last twenty years（在过去的二十年里）/ so far （到目前为止）/ in the recent years （在近几年）。（三）、It has been +时间段+since+从句。=Its+时间段+since+从句。 自以来有多长时间了。（四）、1、have/has gone to 去了某地，人未回。2、have/has been to 去过某地，人已回。可与：once. twice. ever. never等连用。3、have/has been in/at 已待在某地，人还
13、在那儿。练习：选择正确的答案填空：1、Ive_the bike_a year. Is it still new?A. had,for B. bought,for C. bought,since2、-How long have you lived in Quanzhou?- I _here for three years.A. have come B. have been C. have arrived3、Do you know Jack well? Certainly. We friends since ten years ago. A. have made B. have become C.
14、 have been4、 Can Mr. Read speak Chinese ? Yes. He speaks Chinese very well because he _ China for many years. A. has been in B. has been to C. has gone to 5、 I _ Shanghai twice. How about you? Never. I hope to visit it soon. A. have been toB. have gone toC. went6、You have just come back from your hometown, havent you? Yes, great changes_since 2005.A. took placeB
