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1、英语专业八级人文知识汇总分享我的分享 当前分享 返回分享首页?分享 ! 英国概况! 来源： 姚恩璇?Iris的日志 1.Britain was the first country to industrialize because of the following factors except _D_.英国之所以能成为世界上最早开始工业化的国家,原因有很多。但英国是从17世纪以后逐步开始对海外贸易和开拓海外殖民地产生浓厚兴趣的。 A Britain was well placed geographically to participate in European and world trade.
2、B Britain had many rivers, which were useful for transport.C British engineers had sound training and the inventors were respected.D British government was increasingly interested in overseas and colonies after the 17th century.2.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The monarch has very
3、little power. 英国是君主立宪制国家，国王或女王（君主）几乎没什么实质性的权力。 3.the Conservative Party has always had strong links with the trade unions and received financial support from them? 保守党和自由党是英国最早成立的两个党派。大致来说，保守党是中上层阶级的党，它得到大公司财政上的支持；而工党主要得到工会的支持，它的支持者主要是中产阶级和知识分子。 4.On accepting Bill of Rights, the age of constitution
4、al monarchy, of a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament, began. 权利法案的签署，标志着英国进入了君主立宪制时代，一个君主几乎没有什么实质性权力并受制于议会的时代。 5.Females were allowed to vote in national elections until 1918.直到1918年妇女才在全国大选中享有选举权。 6.The British North America Act of 1867 established Canada as a domain. 1867年英国北美法案将加拿大纳为它的自治领
5、。 7.During World War II, as a war leader,Winston Churchill received massive popular support and led his country to final victory in 1945. 在第二次世界大战中，当时的英国首相丘吉尔作为战争统帅受到了英国人民的广泛拥戴，并带领英国人民赢得了战争的最后胜利。8.The Falkland Islands war was between Britain and Argentina.福克兰群岛战役是发生在英国和阿根廷着这两个国家之间。位于大西洋南部的福克兰群岛从1892
6、年起就是英国的海外殖民地，1982年阿根廷开始控制这些岛屿，但是英国最终打败了阿根廷，并重新占领了这些岛屿。9.In Britain, a by-election is held when a Member of Parliament dies, retires or resigns. 英国的下院议会成员中有人去世、退休或辞职时，就要进行补缺选举。10.In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of the Prime Minister.在英国，部长们是由首相推荐，女王加以
7、任命的。11.There are 651 members in the House of Commons. 下议院共有651名议员。12.Which of the following people didnt use to be the British Prime Minister? (c)A.Margaret Thatcher B.Winston Churchill C.Horatio Nelson D.John Major撒切尔夫人，丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相；而纳尔逊（1758-1805），英国海军统帅，因作战负伤，右眼失明，失去右臂。后任地中海舰队司令，在特法尔加角海战中大败西班牙
8、联合舰队，本人受重伤阵亡，号称 Viscount Nelson。 13.By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed Prime Minister by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom. 在英国，按照传统，多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相，首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。14.The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party, which still bears this nickname today.
9、托利党是英国保守党的前身。15.In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition. 在英国，在下议院中赢得第二席位的政党为反对党，它也有它自己的领导和影子内阁（shadow cabinet）。16.The term “British disease” is now often used to characterize Britains economic decline. 现在“
10、英国病”这一术语经常用来指英国经济上的衰退。17.The 1980s was remembered as the decade of privatization.正如20世纪40年代被看作是国有化的时代一样，20世纪80年代被看作是私有化的时代。包括英国石油、航空、钢铁、电讯在内的几乎40% 的国有公司实现了私有化。18.Today, in Britain，coal mining is called a “sick” industry. 英国煤矿业被称为生病工业。英国的煤产量在一战前达到顶点，如今的英国的煤矿业衰退，从而导致矿工的数量、煤矿的总产量大大下降。19.The first steam
11、 engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor James Watt modified and improved the design in 1765. 第一台蒸汽机是 Thomas Newcomer 在17世纪末设计的，后来苏格兰发明家瓦特在1765年对原有的设计进行了改进提高，生产出了第一台高效的蒸汽机并应用到纺织和其他机械业中。20.The Industrial Revolution created the industrial working
12、 class, the proletariat, and it later led to trade unionism. 工业革命产生了工人阶级，即无产阶级。后来形成了工会制度。21.Cotton Textile is the key to Industrial Revolution. 纺织业的改革是英国工业革命的主要成就之一。22.Romanticism became a literary current during the period of the successful Industrial Revolution. 工业革命时期的主要文学流派是浪漫主义。23.Modern footba
13、ll game began in England.现代的足球运动起源于英国。 其正宗的老家在英格兰，19世纪兴起。24.Prime Minister is the leader of the British government. 英国的政体是君主立宪制。 国王（女王）是国家元首，但政府的首领为首相。25.The second largest city in England,Birmingham, is a metropolitan district and an industrial and manufacturing city. 英国的第二大城市伯明翰位于英格兰中部平原，是国际化大都市，也
14、是英国的工业和制造业中心。26.The Romans introduced Christianity into Britain. 公元43年，罗马人占领英国，其后统治了400多年。基督徒就是在这一时期由罗马人传入英国的。27.The real power of the British government lies in the cabinet headed by the Prime Minister.君主立宪制下，国王的作用更侧重于其象征意义，而实权为内阁所有，内阁由首相率领。28.In Britain, education is compulsory for children betwee
15、n the ages of 5 to 16.英国的教育体系中的义务教育阶段是5-16岁，这是每一位学生在学校学习的最低年限。29.The longest river in Britain is the Severn River, and the largest river in the USA is the Mississippi.英国最长的河是塞文河，全长355公里，美国最长的河是密西西比河， 长4000公里左右。30.The general election in Britain is held every five years. 英国大选每5年举行一次。31.Which of the following tribes first came to Britain? (D)A Roman B Anglo-Saxons C Jutes D Celts凯尔特在公元前700年到英国，罗马人在公元1到5世纪统治英国，5世纪中期盎格鲁撒克逊人侵占英国，因此凯尔特人是最早踏入英国的。 32.The Hundred Years War between
