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1、一堂语法练习课的教学设计定语从句干扰练习解题思路定语从句历来是每年高考的必考语法项目之一，纵观近年来各地高考题，笔者发现高考中的定语从句题对考生的要求越高考资源网来越高，且对定语从句的考查手段越来越多。鉴于此，笔者拟从以下几方面设计了几种解题思路，适用于高三第二轮语法复习或高一高二对定语从句掌握较好的班级进行课堂练习，希望与同仁共同探讨。定语从句干扰练习w*w*w*k*s*5*u*c*o*m（1）标点符号干扰 标点符号特别是逗号在判断句子结构中起着很重要的作用，因此试题设计者常常利用这些标点符号增加一些“扑朔迷离”的色彩。考生稍不留心就会落入“陷阱.解题的关键是认识这些标点符号在句中的作用，准
2、确判断句子结构。1MrSmith has three sons, none of_is a computer expert.2.He has three sisters, _are docters. w*w*w*k*s*5*u*c*o*m3.She has three cDs, but none of _is interesting.4.Miss Yang has som relatives here;_like her very much.A.whom B. them C. all D. who E.which5.There are thirty buses, _already full,
3、coming towards us.A.most of them B. most of which C. which D. they参考答案：1-5：ADBCA解题思路：一般来说，逗号在句中往往起着分隔作用，分隔一些较长的简单句或主从复合句，如题1，2，3；有时，当分词短语，独立主格结构在句中作状语时，也用逗号 把它们与主谓结构隔开，如题5.而分号则在句中分隔两个简单句，相当于一个连词，如题4.（2）插入语干扰w*w*w*k*s*5*u*c*o*m插入语是对一句话进行补充，解释或意义延伸的单词，短语或句子，是与全句没有直接语法关系的独立成分。它可以在句首，句中或句末，常用逗号隔开。句中插入语的
4、运用增加了试题的灵活性，迷惑性，同时对考生分析句子结构的能力提出了较高的要求。1.That passenger was very impolit to the conductor, _, of course, made things even worse.A.who B. whom C. what D. which2.He believes in himself, _in my opinion, is the most important.A.that B. which C. what D. as参考答案：DB解题思路：在含有插入语的句子中，我们应首先分析语境及句子结构，找出插入语，然后去掉插
5、入语，重新分析句子结构。w*w*w*k*s*5*u*c*o*m（3） 介词干扰在介词加先行词引导的定语从句中，介词的选择往往是高考的一个考点。1.Rice grows well_there is enough water.2.The hospital_Mr.Li was operatedin has taken on a new look.3.Youd better keep that portrait _you can see easily as a reminder.4.Youd better keep that portrait in the place_you can see easi
6、ly as a reminder.A.where B. which C. in which D. that5.Mother is busy cooking in the kitchen, _som sounds came.6.Alice stood in front of the window, _shecould watch.A.where B. which C. from where D. from whichw*w*w*k*s*5*u*c*o*m 参考答案：1.A 2.D/B 3.A 4.A/C 5.C 6.C是否需要介词，关键看定语从句的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词，再看定语从句是
7、否缺成分，如题14。而定语从句中有时用“介词+关系副词”来表达更清楚，更明确的地理位置或方向，如题5，6.（4）疑问句干扰 在一般疑问句和特殊疑问句中，原先在动词前面的助动词，情态动词等提到了句首，句子结构从而发生了变化。命题者常常利用这种特殊语序，故意造成某种搭配的假象，从而达到干扰的目的w*w*w*k*s*5*u*c*o*m1.Is this book_the boy iseager to get?2.Is this the book_he wrote at the age of 20?3.Is this the book_he took some note.4.Isthe his fac
8、tory_you visted the advanced workers Friday?Awhich B. where C. the one D. what参考答案：1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B此类题在解题时，只要把句子还原为陈述句就可以看清它的“庐山真面目”了。（5）名词性从句干扰由于名词性从句和定语从句有许多相同的引导词，而考生又很容易将二者混淆，故命题者抓住考生的这一弱点设计干扰。w*w*w*k*s*5*u*c*o*m1.Galileo collected the facts_proved the earth and all the other planets move around
9、the sun.2.Galileo discovered the facts_the earth and all the other planets move around the sun.A.that B. which C. / D. A and B解此类题只需准确判断同位语从句与定语从句即可。判断方法：在先行词与从句间加“be”若能成为一个完整正确的表语从句，则该句为同位语从句，反之则为定语从句。如题1中的从句是定语从句，而题2中的从句则是同位语从句。（6）强调句干扰强调句本身就是高考考点，因其对句子结构的判断会产生一定的干扰作用。1.It was 11 oclock_they went
10、out of the cinema.2.It was at 11 oclock_they went out of the cinema. A.whith B. that C. when D. on which3.Is it the years_you worked in the factory_have a great effect on your literaryWorks? A.that, where B. that, that C. when, where D. when, that4.Was it_he said or something that he did _made her c
11、ry so sadl A.that, which B. what, that C. what, what D. what, which参考答案：1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B解题方法：题1和题2先去掉”It was”和横线部分，若剩下的部分能成为一个完整的句子，则按强调句解题；反之则按定语从句解题。如在题1中含有一个定语从句，题2则是个强调句。题3和题4则是两个包含定语从句在内的强调句的疑问式，要先把它们还原成陈述句式，再按以上步骤解题。解此类题的关键是对强调句的基本句式及其疑问式非常熟悉，并掌握一定的拆句能力。w*w*w*k*s*5*u*c*o*m（7）固定句式干扰英语中常有许多固定句式，命
12、题者往往把定语从句和固定句式混和在一起，扰乱考生的思维，制造“陷阱”。1.This is the second time_the president has visited the country.2.This was at a time_there were no radios, no phones or TV sets.A.that B. which C. when D. /3.Nobody in our school has the same camera_you have.4.She is such a good girl _does well in French.5.She is s
13、uch a good girl_all of us like to make friends with her.6.Today someone returned the same umbrella to me_was stolen yesterday. 7.I often get clothes in the same shop_my sister often buys clothes.A.that B. as C. who D. which E.where参考答案：1.A/D 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.E在以上习题中，题2是定语从句，题5是结果状语从句，其它都是英语中常见的
14、固定句式w*w*w*k*s*5*u*c*o*m（8）分隔句干扰 定语从句在一般情况下是紧跟在先行词后的，但有时为了句子的平衡需要，先行词和从句分隔开了，从而造成干扰。1.The film brought the hours back to me _I was taken good care of in that faraway village.A.until B. that C. when D. where2.I passed by the sports field the other day, _there was a football match going on then. A.that B. where C. when D. which3.The days are gone_the Chinese were bullied by others.A.when B. where C. that D. who参考答案：1.C 2.B 3.A解题思路：分析句子，正确断句，找准先行词，如题1的先行词是“the hours”，题2是“the sports field”，题3是“The days”。综上所述，我们不难发现：定语从句的考查手段虽然千变万化，但还是有规律可循，有方法可依；其解题思路可总结如下：w*w*w*k*s*5*u*c*o*m
