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1、2010年6月Caught in the WebA few months ago, it wasnt unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. Shed wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programsleaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, alon
2、g with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem.“I was starting to feel like my whole world was falling apartkind of slipping into a depression,” said Carla. “I knew that if I didnt get off the dating sites, Id j
3、ust keep going,” detaching （使脱离） herself further from the outside world.Toebes conclusion: She felt like she was “addicted” to the Internet. Shes not alone.Concern about excessive Internet use isnt new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatme
4、nt center for overusers generated interest in the subject. Theres still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention: Last month, a study published in C
5、NS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experienc
6、es tied too much time on the Web.“Theres no question that therere people whore seriously in trouble because theyre overdoing their Internet involvement,” said psychiatrist （精神科医生） Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction.Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales
7、 specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. “The Internet is an environment,” he said. “You cant be addicted to the environment.” Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of
8、time spent online.The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2 500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford University researchers. About 6% of respondents reported that “their relationships suffered because of excessive Int
9、ernet use.” About 9% attempted to conceal “nonessential Internet use”, and nearly 4% reported feeling “preoccupied by the Internet when offline”.About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they “found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several da
10、ys at a time”.“The Internet problem is still in its infancy,” said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said. “Theyre online in chat rooms, checking email, or writing blogs. The problem is not limited to porn (色情) or gambling” websites.E
11、xcessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but “in terms of losses,” said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor. “If its a loss where youre not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then its too much.”Since the early 19
12、90s, several clinics have been established in the US to treat heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center for Internet Behavior.The website for Orzacks center lists the following among the psychological symptoms of computer addiction:Having a sense of
13、 well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer.Longing for more and more time at the computer.Neglect of family and friends.Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer.Lying to employers and family about activities.Inability to stop the activity.Problems with school or job.P
14、hysical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances.People who struggle with excessive Internet use may be depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report t
15、hat being online offers a “sense of belonging, an escape, excitement and fun”, she said. “Some people say relief.because they find themselves so relaxed.”Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from a
16、ll over the world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a “gaming addiction”.Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but thats nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a
