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1、Appreciation of “August by Charles Dickens from the Angle of Deviation【Abstract】Thispaperisgoingtoanalyze“AugustbyCharlesDickensfromtheangleofdeviationwhichispartofForegroundingtheory.【Keywords】lexicaldeviation；grammaticaldeviation；phonologicaldeviation；graphologicaldeviationAccordingtoG.H.Leechsthe
2、ory，deviationcanbecategorizedintoeighttypes：lexicaldeviation，grammaticaldeviation，phonologicaldeviation，graphologicaldeviation，semanticdeviation，dialectaldeviation，deviationofregister，deviationofthehistoricalperiod.Thispaperistoanalyze“Augustaccordingtothefirstthreetypes.1.LexicalDeviationS2Sentence
3、2ThisisacompoundsentenceconsistingthreesimplesentencesABC.Acanberewrittenas“springisbeautiful.Buttheauthorprefersthenounformofbeautiful.Inthispart，“beautybecomesacountablenoun，whichisusuallyaabstractanduncountable.Andif“beautyisusedasacountablenoun，itmeansabeautifulwoman.Thenoun“beautyexpressesamore
4、specificmeaningthantheadjectiveform.“Beautifulisgeneral，but“beautycanremindspeoplealotofpleasantimages.So“beautyisforegrounded.InB，“freshand“bloomingareusedtomodify“May.Usually，“freshdescribesair，water，foliageetc.and“bloominggoeswithflowersandtrees.Thusthesetwowordsareforegroundedtoimpressthereadert
5、hatMayisflourishingwithfreshair，greentrees，andcolorfulblossoms.Ccanbeparaphrasedas“theircontrastwiththewinterseasonenhancesthecharmsofthistimeoftheyear.Instead，theauthorusedapassivevoicewithitsactualsubject“bytheircontrastwiththewinterseason.So“contrastisforegrounded.Theactualsubjectisattheendofthes
6、entence，nexttothefollowingsentenceswhichtalksaboutthecontrastsbetweenAugustandwinterseason.S6Theverbsinthissentenceareespeciallychosen.“Appear“hangover“extendgiveslow，softandquietsenses.Andinsteadofusing“influentand“move，theauthorchoosesthenounforms“influenceand“motion.Nounscanalsoproduceasenseofqui
7、etness.Thusthesewordsareforegroundedtocreateagentlequietrelaxatmosphere.2.GrammaticalDeviationS8“itsallveryfinetolookat，butslowgoing，overaheavyfield，isbetterthanwarmworklikethat，uponadustyroad，afterall.Thissentenceisarrangedinunordinaryway.Theregularorderofwordsshouldbe“itsallveryfinetolookat，butaft
8、erall，goingslowoveraheavyfieldisbetterthanwormworkuponadustyroadlikethat.Theoriginalonelookslikebroken，becausemanycommasareintercepted.Itisforegroundedtoexpressthemindstateofthecart-horse.Ononehand，Itissotiredthatitcannotorganizewordswell；ontheotherhand，thecart-horseactuallydoesadmirethecoach-horses
9、，since“veryfinecomestoitsmindfirstand“afteralllast.3.PhonologicalDeviationS5Thustheauthorchoosesmanywordswithlongvowelsliketree，beneath，sheaf，sweepandwoo，andwithvoicelessconsonantlikehum，breathandhue.Longvowelscanslowdownthespeedofspeech；thevoicelessconsonantcanquietthespeech.“Hummeansalowcontinuess
10、ound.“Breathreferstowind.Thesespeechsoundsareforegroundedtocreateaslow，quietandsoftfeelingwhichechoeswiththescenerydescribedinthissentence.Tosumup，theauthorappreciate“Augustaccordingtothetheoryandprinciplesofdeviation.Itoffersadifferentwayofunderstandingthesourcetextandadifferentstandardtoevaluateth
11、etargettext.References：【1】Halliday，M.A.K.ExplorationsintheFunctionsofLanguageM.London：EdwardArnold，1973：103-143.【2】Mukarovsky，J.StandardlanguageandPoeticlanguageC.In：Garvin，P.L.ed.APragueSchoolReaderonEsthetics，LiteraryandStyle.WashingtonD.C.：Geogetown42UniversityPress，1964：17-30.【3】王佐良，丁往道主编.英语文体学引论M.北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1987.【4】叶子南.高级英汉翻译理论与理论M.北京：清华大学出版社，2020.
