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1、表语从句系动词的功能把表语（名词、形容词、某些副词、非谓词、介词短语、从句）和它的主语联系在一起 说明主语的属性、特征或状态。它有自己的但不完全的词义，不能在句中独立作谓语，须和 后面的表语一起构成句子的谓语。系动词分类： 一、根据系动词后所跟结构，我们可以把英语系动词分为两大类：完全系动词（其后只能跟 表语的动词，如be, seem）和半系动词（其后既可跟表语作系动词用法，也可跟宾语或状语 作实义动词用，如 look）例如：1） He looked sadly at the boy.（“看着”，实义动词用法）He looks a clever boy .（“看起来”，系动词用法）2） He
2、looks at a clever boy.（“看着”，实义动词用法）在英语中，某一动词是多义词，既有实义动词用法，又有系动词用法。此类常见易混词有changelistenlooktouchturnhear seebecomesoundseemfeeleatcontinuelastremain continue staytastekeepremainleave二、根据系动词的意义，我们把英语系动词分为四类：A.五大感官系动词 B.状态系动词 C.动态系动词 D.双谓语系动词A五大感官系动词，描述一种感官性质。由实义感官动词变化而来，都是半系动词。1. look“看起来像是”，后接adj.、n.
3、、分词、介词短语、不定式等。The girl bit her lips and looked thoughtfu 1.这位女孩咬着嘴唇，看上去若有所思。2. smell闻起来”，后接adj.分词。The flowers smell sweet.这些花气味真香。3. sound“听起来”，后接adj.分词。The music sounds sweet.这首诗听起来真悦耳。4. taste尝起来”，后接adj.分词。The apples taste very good.这些苹果很好吃。5. Feel“摸起来，给.感觉”；“觉得”，后接adj./p.p.You will feel better af
4、ter a nights sleep. 睡上一晚，你会觉得好些。B.状态系动词：1. be， 是”，属完全系动词。I am a student. 我是一个学生。2. seem,似乎，好像”，完全系动词。They seem quite happy.他们似乎很快乐。3. appear,显得，看起来好像,”半系动词。It appeared be）a true story.看来这是一个真实 的故事。4. keep, 保持. 的状态”，半系动词，后接 adj 或介词短语。Youd better go to bed and keep warm. 你最好躺在床上去暖和一下。5. remain,“仍是”，半系
5、动词。I remained silent.我仍然缄默。6. stay“保持（某种状态）”，半系动词，后接adj.、过去分词。The window stayed open all the night.7. prove “证明是”，半系动词，后接 adj.n.The treatment proved to be successful. 这种疗法证明是成功的。C动态系动词：都属于半系动词，描述状态变化过程。1. get变成，变得起来”，后可接形容词、分词、介词短语。The days are getting longer and longer. 白天变得越来越长了。2. fall“进入（某种状态），成
6、为”，后常接以下形容词：asleep, lame, silent, ill, sick, flat.The old men, unable to express himself, fell silent. 那位老人说不清自己的意思，就不做 声了。My father fell ill and died. 我的父亲生病死了。3. grow“渐渐变得起来，长得”Its growing warm. 天气渐渐暖和起来了。4. turn“转变成（新的与原来完全不同的色彩或性质），变质（色）”。Maple trees turn red in autumn. 枫叶在秋天变红了。It was cloudy th
7、is morning, but fortunately it has turned fine. 今天早上是阴天，幸好已经转 晴了。5. go， “变成（某种坏的状态）”The telephone has gone dead. 电话不通了。 The material has gone a funny colour. 这料子的 颜色变得奇怪了。go 之后常接的 adj. 还有： bad, blind, wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry, mad, red, with, anger, white, pale, blue, grey, naked.6. become“变成
8、，成为（好坏均可的情况）”1 became interested in drawing.我开始对素描感 兴趣了。He became angry with me. 他对我生气了。 They became good friends. 他们成了好朋 友。7. come, “变成为（已知的状态），证实为”，后常接形容词或前缀un-的过去分词作表语, 表示状态或情况的变化。His wish to become a pilot has come true. 他想当飞行员的愿望实现了。If you look into the matter, everything will come clear. 如果你调查
9、一下这事，一切都会清 楚。后面常接的形容词还有：apart, dear （昂贵），natural, open, short, right （好了），unstuck （没 有粘住），untied （松开）。8. run,“变成”，后接 adj. The price ran high. 价格上升了。9. make, “达到某种状态后接形容词,如 sure, certain, merry, bold, freeWe must make certain of facts .我们一定要弄清事实。D.双谓语系动词此类系动词既有系动词的功能，后接表语，又保留原实义动词本身的含义。 例如：The run ro
10、se red.太阳升起红艳艳。She stopped and stood quite stil 1.她停下来然后一丝不 动地站着。The snow lay thick on the ground. 雪厚厚地堆积在地上。 He married young. 他结婚很早。Lei Feng died young.雷锋早逝。He continued silent.他继续沉默不语。IV.系动词与高考及其练习1. 系动词出现于单项选择题中 The story sounds(MET 89) A. to be true B. as true C. being true D.true Those oranges
11、 taste(MET 91)A. good B. well C. to be good D. to bewell -Are you feeling? -Yes, Im fine now/(NMET92)A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better Can I join the club, Dad.You can when you a bit older.(NMET 94) A. get B. will get C. get D. will have got -Do you like the material? Yes, it v
12、ery soft.(NMET 94) A. is feeling B.felt C. feels D. is felt I love to go to the seaside on Summer. Itgood to lie in the sun or swim in the coolsea.(NMET 96)A. does B. feels C. gets D. makesCleaning women in big cities usually getby the hour.(NMET 98) A. pay B.paying C. paid D. to pay Why dont you pu
13、t the meat in the fridge? It willfor several days.(NMET2003)A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed(以上七题答案分别如下： 1.D, 2.A, 3.B, 4.A, 5.C, 6.B, 7.C, 8.B)2. 系动词与短文改错They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions.(were)Id like to your pen friend, and get to know more
14、about your country.(be)3. 系动词巩固练习 What you have said. A. is sounded interesting B sounds interestingC. soundinterested D. listens interested The class begins. Please keep. A. silent B. silence C. the silence D. silently Look! Several people in the crowd seemed. A. to be fighting B. to have foughtCbe
15、ing foughtDhaving fought Howthe song she sings sounds! I have nevera better voice.Abeautifully, sounded Bbeautiful, soundedCsweet, listened to Dsweet, heard Her feeling about the marriagerather strange. A. is looked B. is seemedCseemsDis appeared The new shirtright.A. doesnt feel B. isnt felt C. isntfeelingDdoesnt touch How happy itfor me to be home again after twenty years abroad!Agives Bfeels Cis felt Dis given John
