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1、虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不 可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种：、与现在事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句ShouldIf1.动词过去式（或were）Would+动词原形2.助动词（过去式）+动词原形couldmightIf had the time, Joh n would make a trip to Chi na to see the Great Wall.If I were you, I would give up dr inking immediately.二.与将来事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句1.
2、should +动词原形Should2.动词过去式Would+动词原形If3、were to+动词原形couldmightIf you should lose, what would you do?If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth.If you went there n ext time, you would see what I mean.三、与过去事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句ShouldIfhad+过去分词couldWould + have +过去分词mightIf Id known that it was
3、 going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法省掉if的条件从句结构：Had you asked me, I would have told you.(=lf you had asked me,.)2有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：A true frie nd would not do such a thing.(=lf he were a true friend, he.)(=If there were no water,.)(=I
4、f you had n t helped me,.)3有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：If he had followed the doctors advice, he would be quite all right now.If I were you ,I would have gone home.五、虚拟语气的其他用法1、Suggest, advise等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：suggest, advise .recommend ,demand,require, insist, urge, request, order, +that.(s
5、hould)+ 动词原形devide , ask move, propose 等注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。He suggested that they(should) stop smok ing.上述动词的名词形式出现时，that引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。He made are quest that they (should)stop smok ing.如果that引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。He in sists that he is righ t.2、It is(was)+necessary, a pity等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气，
6、其句子结构如下:imperative, advisable,动词完成式It is(was) + important,natural,necessary,+that.(should)+essential, strange,等动词原形It is importa nt that you(should)follow the doctors orders.It is right that you should have done your home work.3、wish的用法动词过去式或were 一与现在事实相反主语+wish(that)+主语+动词过去完成式一与过去事实相反助动词过去试+动词原形一与
7、将来事实相反I wish I were a pop sin ger.(=I am sorry I am not a pop sin ger.)I wish I had n ever stopped teach in g.(=I am sorry stopped teach in g.)I wish theyd let us get some sleep.注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：(1) We hope they will come,(We dont know
8、 if they can come.)(2) We wish they could come,(We know they are not coming.)4、as if, as though, would (had)rather (that)引导的从句须用虚拟语气，如： U 0 一tjp LU O S | O 01 M (1P L| 一) IU 一 一 L| 6ZS -1 -IrDJrtLIPPPLInoAapIP) IUQSA_“呂崔M哩总+p_no-cs帑帘刑划哩总+冷一pIUQ(-C6SS4l/luz-et:-up-pnoelppp-no/v_ p u ed dPL| PP-C6 uzl
9、o u 七 spstjp h倒装句讲解与练习英语的基本句型是主语+谓语。如果将主语与谓语调换，称倒装句。装句分全倒装句和半倒装句。一、全倒装：主语与谓语交换位置不需任何助动词，叫全倒装。全倒装有以下三种情况：1、当here, there, out, in, up, down等副词放在句首时，句子需全倒装：There goes the bell!铃响了！ There lived an old man. Here comes the bus. 注意：在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词，像go, come,等。主语如果是代词时不需倒装如Away he went.他走远了。2、方位状语在句首，
10、如：In front of the house stopped a police car.Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.Under the tree sat a boy.3、直接引语在句首，这种情况可倒装也可不倒装What does it mean? asked the boy 或 the boy asked.二、半倒装：主语与谓语的助动词交换位置称半倒装，有以下数种 情况：1, 否定意义的词在句首,句子半倒装，例如：little, never, not, no, hardly, rarely,seldo
11、mNever shall I forget you. At no time was the man aware of what was happening.Little did I understand what he said to me at that time.2、几对并列连词如not onlybut also, hardlywhen等连接两个并列句，连词 在句首，前句半倒装，后句不倒装：Not only was everything he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away.No
12、 sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.注意：not onlybut also连接两个并列主语时不需倒装，如:Not only youbut also I like playing chess. nei thernor 在句首时，前后两句都需倒装,Nei ther do I have a sis ter nor does my husband.3、only在句首强调状语，主句半倒装：Only then did I realize that I was wrong.Only in this way can I learn fr
13、om my fault.Only when the war was over in 1918, was he able to get back to work.注意：only强调主语不倒装:Only the teachers can use the room.4、sothat句型，so在句首时，主句倒装，that从句不倒装：So easy is it that a child can learn it.So hard did he work that he finally won the fame.I saw the film, so did he.5省略了 if的虚拟条件句Had I bee
14、n informed earlier, I could have done something.Were she here, she would support the motion.l. His mot her had t alked to him for many minutes while he was wat ching TV,bu tA.a little did he hearB.little did he hear C.little heard he D.a littleheard he2. Hello,Zhu Hua.I ll have to return to Canada b
15、ecause I ve worked herefor a year. !A.Wha t tim? flies B.How time fliesC.Wha t does time fly D.How does timefly3. During the war, but also he lost his wife and his child.A.n ot was his job in the lab t aken awayB.n ot only was his job in the labtaken awayC.not merely his job in the lab was taken away D.not just was taken away his job in the lab4. We have to st
