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1、九年级语法复习-宾语从句练习题宾语从句问一：什么叫宾语从句？ 答：顾名思义，能够充当宾语的句子即宾语从句。如： She says（that）she will leave a message on his desk Do you know where we can stay on the island？ 问二：宾语从句除主要作及物动词的宾语外，还可以充当以下几类词的宾语： 1. 作形容词的宾语。主要有 sure，afraid，glad，sorry，happy，surprised， pleased等。如： Im glad that you have come你来了，我很高兴。 2. 作介词的宾语。
2、如： She agreed with what I said at the meeting 她同意我在会上的发言。 问三：怎样选择宾语从句的引导词，有无规律可循？ 答：宾语从句的引导词是有规律可循的，一般来讲，可分为三个类型： 1当宾语从句是由陈述句变化而来的，该从句通常由that引导。that无具体意义，不作任何成分，常被省略。例如： We all sayLao Wang is a good friend We all say（that）Lao Wang is a good friend Im sureYou have seen that book before Im sure（that）y
3、ou have seen that book before 2当宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时，须用连词if或whether引导，意为“是否”，表示选择。Could you tell us？Will he really come here？Could you tell us if（whether）he will really come here？ He asked us, “Have you finished reading this book?”He asked us already finished reading that book.注：if和whether在引导宾语从句时可换用，但下列三种
4、情形中只可用whether， 不用if： 1) 当or not紧随连词之后时。例如： We didnt know whether or not she was ready我们不知道她是否已做准备。 2) 从句用作介词宾语时。例如： I am interested in whether he joined the army我对他是否入伍很感兴趣。 3) 当宾语从句移至句首表强调时。例如： Whether this is true or not，Im not sure这是否真实，我不敢肯定。 4) 在带to的不定式前。例如：She hasnt decided whether to go or no
5、t. 她还决定去还是不去。3当宾语从句由特殊疑问句变来时，则用连接代词whowhosewhatwhich和连接副词whenwhere whyhow等引导。它们均是充当一定成分，一般不可省略。例如： Could you tell me？Where is the nearest post office？Could you tell me where the nearest post office is？ 注：连接词与其后名词构成短语时则不可拆开使用。如：what time，which room，how many people，which pair of shoes等。 问四：宾语从句必须用陈述句语
6、序吗？如由what，when等疑问词引导的宾语从句也须这样吗？ 答：宾语从句一律用陈述句语序，不论从句由何引导词引导，也不论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句均为：“引导词主语谓语其他”结构。试比较： We dont know when will they arrive（） We dont know when they will arrive（） Could you tell me which way must we take to get to the museum？（） Could you tell me which way we must take to get to the museum？（
7、） 注：特殊疑问词作主语时，语序本来就是“主语谓语”结构，故语序不能再变化。例如： Please tell usWho will give us a talk this week？ Please tell us who will give us a talk this week Do you know What happened? Do you know ?1. Will you please tell me with Peter? He looks unhappy.A. what wrong is B. what is wrong C. the wrong is that D. what w
8、rong it is2. She asked me if I knew _ Awhose pen is it Bwhose pen it was Cwhose pen it is Dwhose pen was it问五：何为时态呼应？宾语从句在时态上应遵循哪些原则？ 答：在复合句中，从句中的谓语动词时态，特别是宾语从句中的谓语动词时态，在一定程度上要受到主句谓语动词时态的制约，在英语语法中这种现象被称为时态呼应。含有宾语从句的主从复合句在时态呼应上一般要遵循以下三条规则： 1如果主句是祈使句或主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时，则宾语从句可根据意义的需要而选用任何一种时态。例如： Do yo
9、u know who he was talking with at eight last night？ Please tell me how many pictures theyve drawn recently Mary says she will come back soon Will you tell us how you managed to overcome the difficulties？ 2如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句须用表示过去的某一时态。例如： He said that he was a cleaner I knew she had cleaned the ho
10、use already 3如果宾语从句所表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言、警句、谚语等时，主句即使用了过去时，从句也不受主句影响而多用一般现在时。例如： He said time is money Our teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound She said that one and one makes two她说一加一等于二。 问六：宾语从句的标点符号由主句决定还是由从句决定？ 答：不论由何种类型的句子转化而来的宾语从句，标点符号均由主句来决定。例如： Dont you think？The light in
11、 the room is too dark Dont you think（that）the light in the room is too dark？ 问七：怎样理解Today we think it important that we should learn a foreign language well 这句话的结构？其中it起什么作用？ 答：该句为一复合宾语结构，其中it为形式宾语，代替后置的真正宾语that从句，important是宾语补足语。在英语中，动词think，make，find，hear等接复合宾语（宾语宾语补足语）时，为了平衡句子结构或避免句子结构的混乱，常用it作形式
12、宾语，而将真实的宾语从句后置，从而形成“动词（如think,make, feel, find等）it宾语补足语that从句”结构。再如： I made it clear that I would have no time to do that tomorrow 我已讲明了明天我没有时间做那件事。 问八: 宾语从句何时要进行“否定转移”？ 答：当主句的谓语动词为think，believe, guess, suppose等且主语为第一人称时，从句中的否定词not应转移到主句谓语动词上来。例如： I thinkChickens cant swim I dont think chickens can
13、swim 问九：含有宾语从句的复合句如何变为反意疑问句？ 答：通常情况下，反意疑问句的附加问句部分由主句决定；但1)主句中含有think believe的宾语从句，2)若主句的主语为第一人称时，则附加问句部分要由从句决定，不过应注意否定转移的情况。试比较： He thinks he is right，doesnt he？（由主句决定） I dont think he is right，is he？（由从句决定） 1.I think he is wrong, ? 2.Lucy thinks Jim is right, ?3.I dont think that the book is very u
14、seful，_ _ ？ Ado I Bis it Cdoesnt it Disnt it 问十：宾语从句通常能简化成什么样的结构？ 1.答：宾语从句通常可简化成“疑问词不定式”结构，此时主从复合句也就变成了简单句，但条件是： 1）疑问词为原宾语从句的引导词； 2）从句的主语应与主句的主语或间接宾语相一致。例如： I dont know what I should do next I dont know next Can you tell me how I can get to the park？ Can you tell me to the park？ He hopes that he wil
15、l be back very soon He hopes _ _ _ _ very soon He decided that he would visit our school He decided our schoolHe agreed that he could help me with my English He agreed _ _ _ _ me with my English 2主句的谓语动词为see，watch，hear， find等时，宾语从句常简化为“宾语宾语补足语”结构。其中宾语由that从句的主语转化而来，宾补多为不带to的不定式或Ving分词。如： I heard that some children sang s
