《英语四级翻译练习.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语四级翻译练习.doc（14页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、和传统文化有关的部分词汇风水：Fengshui阳历：solar calendar阴历：lunar calendar闰年：leap year十二生肖：zodiac春节：the Spring Festival元宵节：the Lantern Festival清明节：the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节：the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节：the Mid-autumn Day重阳节：the Double-ninth Day七夕节：the Double-seventh Day春联：spring couplets春运：the Spring Festival travel把中
2、国的汉字“福”字倒贴在门上(听起来像是福到)预示新年有好运：turn the Chinese character for luck (fu) upside down to make “dao”(which sounds like arrival) and put it on your door to bring in good fortune for the new year庙会：temple fair爆竹：firecracker年画：(traditional) New Year pictures火锅：Hot Pot压岁钱：New Year gift-money舞龙：dragon dance舞
3、狮：lion dance元宵：sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯：festival lantern灯谜：lantern riddle食物对于中国佳节来说至关重要，但甜食对于农历新年特别重要，因为他们能让新的一年更加甜蜜。Food is central to all Chines festivals, but sugary snacks are especially important for Lunar New Year, since they sweeten up prospects for the coming year.传统的佳节食物包括年糕、八宝饭、饺子、果脯和
4、瓜子。Traditional holiday treats include nian gao (rice pudding), ba bao fan (eight treasure rice), jiao zi (dumplings), candied fruits and seeds.四合院：Siheyuan/ Quadrangle亭/阁：pavilion/attic刺绣：Embroidery剪纸：Paper Cutting书法：Calligraphy针灸：Acupuncture象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters偏旁：radical战国：Warrin
5、g States人才流动：Brain Drain/Flow铁饭碗：Iron Bowl黄土高原：Loess Plateau红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals儒家文化：Confucian Culture孟子：Mencius诗经：the Book of Songs水浒：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh史记：Historical Records西游记：The Journey to the West唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty火药：gunpowder印/玺：Seal/Stamp京剧：Beijing
6、Opera/Peking Opera秦腔： Qin Opera相声：Cross-talk/ Comic Dialogue电视小品：TV Sketches太极拳：Tai Chi天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing故宫博物馆：The Palace Museum敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand春卷：Spring Roll(s) 莲藕：Lotus Root北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck门当户对：Perfect Match/ Exact Match文房四宝(笔墨纸砚)：”The Four Treasure of t
7、he Study”/ “Brush, Ink-stick, Paper, and Ink-stone”兵马俑：Cotta Warrior特有的一些汉语词汇 混沌 chaos 道 Daoism 四谛 Four Noble Truth 五行说 Theory of Five Elements 坐禅 transcendental meditation 虚无 nothingness 双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英) 小品 witty skits 相声 cross-talk 噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt 夜猫子 night-
8、owls 本命年 this animal year of sb. 处世之道 philosophy of life 姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage） 还愿 redeem a wish (vows)中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things） 中国电信 China Telecom 中国移动 China Mobile 十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan 中国电脑联网 China net 三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project 希望工程 Project Hope 扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Pro
9、ject 菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project 温饱工程 Decent-Life Project 安居工程 Economy Housing Project 西部大开发 Go-West Campaign 具有文化特色的现代表述 大陆中国 Mainland China 红色中国 socialist China 四化 Four Modernizations 终生职业 job-for-life 铁饭碗 iron rice bowl 大锅饭 communal pot 关系户 closely-related units 外出打工人员 migrant workers 留守儿童the
10、left-behind children关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild 五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals 四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment 中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient
11、Chinese Items） 宣纸 rice paper 衙门 yamen 叩头 kowtow 孔子Confucius 武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts） 功夫 kungfu ；kung fu 中庸 the way of medium 中和 harmony孝顺 to show filial obedience 孝子 dutiful son 家长 family head 三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife
12、 五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity 八股文 eight-legged essays 多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ happiness 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in ones old age1.元宵节与大多数中国节日一样，元宵节同样有自己的特色小吃，称为“汤圆”(也叫“元宵”)。汤圆外形圆圆的，外皮由糯米制成，内馅
13、或甜或辣。人们都说汤圆有两个象征之意，一为农历的第一个月圆，二为家庭团聚圆满。元宵节传统习俗中还有一部分是关于猜灯谜的游戏。在过去，这些谜语大多出自于模糊的文学典故和中国古典文学之中，所以猜灯谜以前多为知识分子的“领地”。踩高跷，敲大鼓和舞龙狮也是元宵节主要的娱乐活动。【词汇突破】元宵节：the Lantern Festival特色小吃：special food糯米：glutinous rice内馅：fillings家庭团聚圆满：family unity and completeness猜灯谜：guess riddles attached to the lanterns文学典故：literar
14、y allusions知识分子：educated class踩高跷：stilt-walking敲鼓：drumming舞龙狮：dragon and lion dancing【精彩译文】Like most Chinese festivals, the Lantern Festival has its own special food, called “tang yuan”. These are round, glutinous rice dumplings with sweet or spicy fillings. The dumplings are said to symbolize both
15、the first full moon and family utility and completeness. Part of the lantern festival tradition involves a game to guess riddles attached to the lanterns. In the old days the riddles were obscure literary allusions to the Chinese classics and so were mainly the preserve of the educated classes. Stil
16、t-walking, drumming and dragon and lion dancing are the main entertainment forms of the Lantern Festival. 2.重阳节农历九月九日是传统的重阳节(Chongyang Festival)，或者说是双九节。登高辟邪(avoid epidemics)的习俗从很久以前就流传(pass down)下来。因此，重阳节也被称为“登高节”(Ascending Festival)。1989年，中国政府决定把重阳节定为老年节(Seniors Day)。从那以后，所有政府单位、组织和街道社区每年都会为退休职工组织一次秋游。在水边或山间，老年人
