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1、 三英语总复习 学案 高三英语总复习学案 2012-2013学年学期 班级： 姓名：高三英语备课组编印一、助动词和情态动词课前篇：对标梳理，明确任务考纲要求动词： 助动词 情态动词课上篇：精于传道 专于解惑情态动词can couldmay might shall should 表示推 测must will would 情态动词 ought tohave to 不表示推 测dare (darent)need (neednt) used to一、表示推测情态动词的重要用法1. You must be Mr. Smith-I was told to expect you here.2. He mus
2、t have known what we wanted.3. We may have read the same report.4. He cant have slept through all that noise.5. Theres someone outside-who can it be?6. What can they be doing?7. These pills might help to cure your disease.8. You could be right, I suppose.表示推测情态动词的重要用法情态动 词对将来 对现在 对过去肯定的推 测+ V. 常见mus
3、t be+ be doing + V. + have done可能的 推测+ V. 可以用not表示“可能不” + be doing+V. + have done 否定的 推测+V. + be doing+V. + have done疑问的 推测+ V. + be doing+V. + have done1. I dont know where she is, she _ be in Wuhan.2. At this moment, our teacher _ our exam papers.3. The road is wet. It _ last night.4. Your mother
4、_ for you.5. Philip _ seriously in the car accident. 菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.6. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.-She _ (go) by bus.7. Mike _ his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。不同的“肯定”程度可按下列层次排列： He is at home. (事实) He must be at home.（非常肯定的推断）
5、He could be at home.（很可能） He ought to be at home.（很可能） He may be at home.（仅仅可能而已） He might be at home.（或许, 非常不确定） He might not be at home.（也许不在家）He may not be at home. （比might可能） He couldnt be at home.（很可能不在家） He cant be at home.（一定不在家）He isnt at home.（事实） 二、在不表示推测的情态动词中, 我们要注意以下考点:1.情态动词与完成时的使用shou
6、ld(ought to)+have+过去分词：肯定句表示过去本应发生的事却没有发生；否定句表示已发生了本不该发生的事。前者可译为“本应”,后者为“本不该” .You _to her for not soon replying to the letter. 你本应向她道歉，说明为什么没能及时回信。(可你没这么做) You _him so much money only because he asked for.A.ought not to give B.ought to not giveC.ought not to have given D.ought to not have given“cou
7、ld (not)+have+过去分词”除了表示对过去 某个动作的否定和疑问推测外,还表示对过去的虚拟(与might相似)，肯定句表示本来可以做但却未做;否定句表示某事过去本来不应该做但做了。My mother came here by bus, but she could have taken a taxi.-I stay at a hotel while in New York.-Oh,did you? You _with John.A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay D.must have stayedneednt+have+过去分词
8、：表示对过去不必做的事情却做了，可译为“其实不必” Look,you neednt have bought those sweaters for me, I have just knitted(织) one.I _ to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.A. need have written B.neednt have writtenC. must have written D.should have written2. 表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法表示能力: can, could, be able to*be able to 能用于
9、各种时态。 can / could 只能表示现在或过去的能力。 *was / were able to : “设法做成某事” 相当于 managed to do sth.或succeeded in doing sth.1. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B.
10、would C. could D. was able to3. They will _ run this machine on their own in three months.A. can B. could C. may D. be able to4. That big cinema _ seat 2,000 people.A. can B. should C. ought to D. is able to表示许可: may / might, can / could * might, could 比较委婉, 一般多用于疑问句.* can, may 表达的语言比较随便.* 在以could,
11、might 表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can, may.5. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should6. Might I watch TV after supper? Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. can3. 表示否定的情态动词的用法:部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一。mustnt 不准, 禁止 neednt 没必要 ( = dont have to )cant 不能; 不可能may
12、not 不可以; 可能不shouldnt 不应该 ( = ought not to )7. You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not8. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont ; cant B. mustnt ; may C. shouldnt ; mustD. cant ; shouldnt9. -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustnt B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont10. -May I pick a flower in the garden? - _. A. No, you neednt B. Not, please. C. No,
