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1、英语动词不定式大全动词不定式是一种活跃的非谓语动词。它在句中起的是名词。形容词或副词的作用,可在句子中作主语。宾语。定语。状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是to +动词原形,但to有时要省去。动词不定式在具体运用时,用不用to,取决于谓语动词的用法:一。带to的不定式结构1.我们学过的能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有:want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like ,love, stop, go, come等。2.动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。例如:Jim
2、 told me not to wake up Kate.吉姆告诉我别叫醒凯特。二。不带to的不定式结构以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式:1.在固定词组had better之后。注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。例如:You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。Its cold outside. Youd better not go out.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。2.在let,make,see, feel, watch,hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如:I made the
3、m give me the money back.我迫使他们把钱还给我。I didnt see you come in.我没看见你进来。3.在引导疑问句的why not之后。Why not+不带to的不定式是Why dont you do的省略,可以用来提出建议或劝告。例如:Why not go with us。为什么不和我们一起去呢。Why not take a holiday。=Why dont you take a holiday。为什么不休个假呢。三。动词不定式作主语不定式结构作主语时,现代英语倾向于采用it作形式主语,而把不定式结构后置的形式。参见本期本面小鬼it它当家中it作形式主
4、语的用法。四。动词不定式作定语不定式作定语,要放在它所修饰的名词或代词的后面。例如:I have nothing to say on this question.对这个问题我无可奉告。五。动词不定式作宾语有的及物动词要求跟复合宾语(即宾语+宾语补足语)。如果其中的宾语是不定式短语,则必须将形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上,而将不定式短语(真正的宾语)放在宾语补足语之前。例如:I find it useful to learn English well.我发现学好英语很有用。We thought it wrong not to tell her.我们认为不告诉她是错误的。六。动词不定式作宾语补足语动
5、词不定式作宾语补足语是动词不定式用法的一个重点,学习时要注意以下三种情况:1.作动词ask, like, tell等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to不可以省略。例如:He asked me to talk about English study.他请我谈谈英语学习。2.作使役动词let, have, make以及感官动词feel, hear, see, watch等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to要省略。例如:The teacher made him say the word like this.老师让他像这样说这个单词。3.作动词help的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to可以带,也可以不
6、带。例如:Could you help me (to) carry the heavy box。你能帮我搬这个重箱子吗。七。动词不定式作状语动词不定式及其短语具有副词的特性,可在句中用作状语。1.放在句首也可以放在句尾表示目的等。例如: He stopped to have a rest.他停下来休息。2.跟在作表语的形容词或过去分词的后面。例如:Im sorry to hear that.听到这事我感到很难过。3.用在too. to.结构中。例如:He is too young to understand all that.他太年轻了,不能理解这件事有些动词后面跟to do和动词-ing形式
7、所表达的意思不同。这类动词有：remember，forget，regret, try，mean，go on, stop等。如： I told him of the matter again，for I forgot having met him after the accident. Dont forget to lock the door. It is not safe enough here. try to do “努力做某事” try doing “尝试做某事” He tried to work out the problem. He tried working out the prob
8、lem in another way. mean to do “打算做某事” mean doing “意味着” What! Did you mean to leave by train? Missing the train means waiting for an hour. regret to do 因没做某事而遗憾，抱歉 regret doing 因做过某事而遗憾，后悔 I regret to say I cant help you. I regret saying such silly words. go on to do 继续另外一件事 go on doing 继续同一件事stop t
9、o do 停下去做另外一件事 stop doing停下正在做的事 prefer I prefer reading to going shopping on weekends. I would prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than drive. allow, advise, forbid, permitSorry, we dont allow smoking in the lecture room.We dont allow people to smoke here. I wouldnt advise taking the car - theres nowhere to park. I wouldnt advise you to take the car. need，want，require，deserveneed to be done= need doing
