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1、初中宾语从句讲解objective clause（宾语从句）一、 宾语从句的概念在复合句中作宾语的一个完整的句子叫宾语从句。eg. We know Mr. Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）、语序、时态（一）引导词1 陈述句作宾语从句由that引导。that在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，无任何意义，在口语当中往往省略。e.g.1）.I hear (that) you passed the exam.2）.He said (that) his father was a
2、 singer.3）.The teacher told us (that) the sun rises in the east.4）. He tells me. Mr. Li is a good teacher. (合并句子) He _ me _ Mr. Li is a good teacher.5). I think. He isnt strict with himself.(合并句子)I _ think _ he _ strict with himself.注意：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect，imagine，guess 等词的一般现在时态
3、，主句的主语为I/we时，如果宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。此类句子的反义疑问句也与从句保持一致。我认为他不会来，对吗？ I _ think _ he _ come, _ _ ?2 一般疑问句作宾语从句由 whether, if 引导if/ whether 作“是否”讲，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, know,wonder, can(could) you tell me 等词后，不可以省略。1. I want to know whether/if he is right.2. I Ask him whether/if he likes me_.3. I wo
4、nder _whether/if we can get there.4. Could you tell me whether/if that film is interesting ?注意1： 只能用whether不能用if的情况1）.在介词后面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.2).在动词不定式前：They asked me whether to go skating.3).当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时:I dont know
5、 whether hes free or not.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or clean the room.4）.宾语从句提前时：Whether this is true or not, I cant say.5）.用if容易引起歧义的时候用whether。请告诉我你是否认识这个男孩。Please tell me whether you know the boy.Please tell me if you know the boy. 请
6、告诉我你是否认识这个男孩；如果你认识这个男孩请告诉我。注意2：if当 “是否”讲时引导宾语从句，用一般将来时（will do）表示将来；当“如果”讲时引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来。when与if类似，当作“什么时候”讲时引导宾语从句，用一般将来时表示将来，当作“当的时候”讲时引导时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。e.g. I dont know if it _(rain) tomorrow. If it _(rain),I _(not walk) there.I want to know when your brother _(come).When he _(come),please
7、 tell me. 3由Who, whom, whose, which, what，where, how, why, when等特殊疑问词引导的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由特殊疑问词引导。 这些特殊疑问词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。1). He asked who the man is.2). Do you know whose book it is?3). He asked what he could do for that.4). Do you know which answer is the best?5). Please tell me where
8、the right way is.6). Can you tell me how we can get there?7). Could you tell me when we should meet?注意：特殊疑问词+sb. can/should/will do作宾语常与特殊疑问词+to do作宾语互相转换。如：I dont know how I can get to the nearest supermarket.=I dont know _ _ get to the nearest supermarket.（二）语序：陈述句语序即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）Do you rem
9、ember (他多大岁数)?当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What happened?eg: I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who is over there?（三）时态：1、主句用一般将来时和一般现在时，现在进行时或现在完成时等“现在”范畴的时态时，从句的时态根据需要来用，不受主句影响。I want to know what time he got up this morning. He will te
10、ll us that he has been able to look after himself. They are saying that they really like this city.2、主句用过去时，从句用相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。Kate said there was a box under the desk.They asked what he was doing then.She asked whether I had seen her before.3、从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用一般现在时。Dad to
11、ld us that it is better to do than to say.He told the boy that three and three is six.He told me the earth moves around the sun.4、从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。The teacher told me she was born in 1960.一、合并句子。1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2
12、. Light(光) goes faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know. Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.4. Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know _ _ _ _ French.5. Are the childr
13、en playing games? Tell me. Tell me _ the children _ _ games.6. Whats his name? I asked him. I asked him what _ _ _.7. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture?8. Where did she put her car? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _ her car?9. What does he often
14、talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.10. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know. I dont know _ _ at the door so loudly.11. Does he still live in that street? I dont know. I dont know _ he still _ in that street.12. When does the train arrive? Please tell me. Please tell me _ _ _ _.13. Have they eaten fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _ they _ fried chicken.二、用合适的连接词填空。1. Jim told me _ he didnt go fishing yesterday
