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1、PlanetEarthII地球脉动第2季第6集:城市_BBC这是地球上最新兴的栖息地ThisisthenewesthabitatonEarth.在这里动物们不得不Itsherethatanimalshavetocontend与地球表面withthegreatestchange最剧烈的变革相抗衡thatishappeningtothefaceofourplanet.未来十年内城市面积预计将Inthisdecade,theurbanenvironment扩张约百分之三十ispredictedtogrowbynearly30%.这也许会对动物的生命造成威胁Itmayappearhostiletoan
2、imallife,但对于勇者来说butforthebold,这是一个充满奇妙机遇的世界thisisaworldofsurprisingopportunity.印度焦特布尔市Jodhpur,India.一群单身的雄性长尾叶猴Agangofbachelormalelangurs前来挑战这块领地的雄性首领hascometochallengetheresidentalphamale.他统治着这片珍贵的城市领土Thisalpharulesoveravaluableurbanterritory.但维护权威是一场长期的斗争Butmaintainingdominancehereisaconstantstrug
3、gle.单身雄猴们联合起来试图推翻猴王Thebachelorshaveunitedtotryandoverthrowhim.如果他们胜利了其中一位挑战者Iftheywin,oneofthechallengers将继承猴王的后宫willtakeoverthealphastroopoffemales,并杀死他的幼崽andmaykillhisinfants.这个单身猴群里有十五只公猴Thereare15malesinthisbachelorgroup.猴王必须把他们全部逐出自己的领地Thealphamustevicteverysingleoneofthemfromhisterritory.他已经赶走
4、了半数挑战者Hehaschasedhalfthebachelorsaway,但有一支小分队折了回来butasplintergrouphasloopedback正在骚扰他的母猴们andisharassinghisfemales.他不得不再次加入战斗Onceagain,hehastobattle.终于赶走了所有来犯者Finally,hemanagestoexpelthemall.他凯旋而归Hereturnshomevictorious,但右腿受了重伤butwithaseriouswoundonhisrightleg.对他而言城市生活布满荆棘Itsahardlifeforhiminthecity.每
5、天都上演着入侵驱逐战Keepingtheintrudersawayisadailychallenge.但一切都值得Butitsworthit.对长尾叶猴来说Fortheseurbanterritories这边城区也许是世上最优良的栖息地areprobablythebestlangurterritoriesintheworld.因为遍地都是觅食场Theyrefilledwithrichfeedinggrounds.在这些寺院花园中Hereinthetemplegardens,几百年来长尾叶猴与人类thelangurshave,overcenturies,建立了一种奇妙的关系developedas
6、urprisingrelationship.这层关系为猴群提供了Onethatguaranteesthem源源不断的食物aconstantlyreplenishedsourceoffood.当地人将长尾叶猴视为Thepeoplehereassociatelangurs印度教中猴神哈奴曼的化身withtheHinduGod,LordHanuman,对他们毕恭毕敬andreverethem.珍馐佳肴应有尽有Theyregivenallthefoodtheycaneat.优质饮食带来了生育高峰Andthishigh-energydiethasledtoababyboom.城市里雌性长尾叶猴的生育率F
7、emalelangursinthiscity是森林中同类的两倍givebirthtotwiceasmanyyoungastheirforestcounterparts.这只母猴伙食很好奶水充足到Thismotherissowellfedthatherrichmilk能养育起野外极其罕见的小生命cansupportsomethingrarelyseeninthewild.双胞胎Twins.这些幼崽聚集成群Andallthesebabiescancreatetroops队伍比周边森林里的要大得多thatarefarlargerthanthosefoundintheforestsnearby.觅食时
8、间缩短使得他们Withlesstimespentlookingforfood,有更多时间可以玩耍thereismoretimeforplay.生活在城市中好处良多Therewardsoflivinginacitycanbehuge.难的是如何寻找自己的一席之地Thechallengeistofindyourniche.纽约NewYorkCity.这座高楼林立的城市Thisdenselybuilt-uplandscape与地球上许多地方一样远离自然isasunnaturalasanywhereonEarth.而这只游隼正站在高处Andyet,thiswildperegrinefalcon俯瞰这座
9、城市looksoutontoanidealhabitat.奇怪的是这片变化巨大的土地Strangeasitmayseem,thisvastly-alteredlandscape竟然重现了游隼进化的生境replicatestheconditionsinwhichperegrinesevolved.高耸的建筑上面有许多平台Thetoweringbuildingshaveamultitudeofledges可供游隼筑巢onwhichfalconscannest,鸟巢高度也足够他们乘风飞翔andthehighperchesthattheyneedtocatchthewind.纽约市的游隼密度NewYo
10、rkCityhasthehighestdensity居世界之最ofnestingperegrinesanywhereontheplanet.风被摩天大楼阻挡后会向上偏转Windsstrikingthesidesoftheskyscrapers有利于游隼飞得更高aredeflectedupwardsandcanhelpthebirdsgainheight.烈日下大面积的混凝土散发的热量Andthegreatareasofconcrete形成上升热气流roastinginthesuncreatethermals,游隼不费吹灰之力sothat,withverylittleeffort,便可以在城市上
11、空翱翔thebirdscansoaroverthecity.不计其数的游隼定居于此Andsomanyperegrinescanlivehere,是因为城市近地面becausedownatstreetlevel,生活着许多猎物thereisalotofpotentialprey.游隼俯冲时的飞行时速Divingfromheight,thefalconscanreachspeeds超过时速322公里ofover200milesanhour.但猎物躲在低处离建筑物很近Buttheirpreystaydownlowandclosetothebuildings.风险太大了Toorisky.它停止了俯冲T
12、heperegrinepullsoutofhisstoop.但辛苦不会白费Buttheeffortisnotwasted.游隼需要将猎物驱赶到开阔地带Thefalconsneedtoflushtheirpreyintotheopen.曼哈顿四面环水AndManhattanissurroundedbywater.出城以后可谓胜券在握Outheretheoddschange.正中游隼下怀Andintheperegrinesfavour.一年到头都有着丰富的食物Withabundantpreyhereallyearround,游隼在此建立栖息地ithastakenonly40years仅用了四十年f
13、orthesefalconstoestablishthemselveshere.穿梭在摩登大厦中Andnow,amongskyscrapers,theyremoresuccessful与旷野中的同类相比它们更胜一筹thantheircousinslivinginthewilderness.印度孟买人口超过两千万Mumbai,inIndia,ishometoover20millionpeople.也生存着许多猎食者Andtherearepredatorshere尽管难得一见也着实令人胆战心惊that,thoughrarelyseen,arerightlyfeared.食肉动物们Carnivore
14、s,正向着毫无戒心的猎物luredbytheprospectofplentifulunsuspectingprey一步步靠近areontheprowl.一只金钱豹Aleopard.在夜色的掩护下他们每晚都会出来猎食Everynight,underthecoverofdarknesstheycomeouttohunt.大型食肉动物需要Thesearebiganimals,寻找大型猎物才能充饥andtheyrelookingforlargepreytosatisfytheirhunger.为了多捕捉一些画面Tocatchmorethanaglimpseofthem揭示他们的猎食行为andrevea
15、ltheirhuntingbehaviour,我们需要夜视摄像机youneednight-visioncameras.在过去的二十五年里Leopardshaveattackedalmost200peoplehere金钱豹袭击过约两百个人inthelast25years.但人类并不是他们日常的捕食对象Buthumansarenottheirusualprey.这些金钱豹在寻找其他猎物Theseleopardsareonthehuntforsomethingelse.猪Pigs.他们更喜欢人类圈养在城市里Theseleopardsprefertohuntthedomesticanimals数量可观
16、的家畜thatpeoplehavebroughttothecityinconsiderablenumbers.猪喜欢群居Thepigskeeptheirfamilyclose.城市里无休止的嘈杂为金钱豹提供了便利Theceaselessnoiseofthecityplaystotheiradvantage.掩盖了他们的脚步Itconcealstheirapproach.金钱豹利用掩护Andtheleopardsareusingthiscover能在全城各地捕猎tohuntalloverthecity.这个种群日益繁荣Thisisathrivingpopulation.事实上世界上金钱豹数量最多的地方Infact,thehighestconcen
