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1、英语音标学习认识几个定义：1、音素 英语语音中最小的发音单位。2、元音 发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍。3、辅音 发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍。4、音节 说话时最小的语音片段。 一个可以为单个元音（如I/a/），或者一个元音加上一个或多个辅音（如tree /tri:/）。单词可以根据音节数量分为：单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。5、开音节 以读音为元音的字母结尾的音节，即辅音+元音（如me, he等）；或以不发音字母e结尾（如name, come等）。6、闭音节 以一个或几个辅音字母结尾且中间只有一个元音，即元音+辅音（如it, pen, pick等）。7、重读 在双音节或多音节单
2、词中，有个音节必须读得特别强而重，而其它音节读得相对弱而轻，这种现象就叫单词重读。用符号“”表示。8、清音和浊音（辅音） 发音时声带不振动叫清辅音；声带振动叫浊辅音。音标基础学习一、英语共有48个音素，元音20个，辅音28个元音1. 长短：/i:/ / /:/ / /:/ / /U:/ / 2. 大小：/e/ / /:/ /3. I组：/e/ /a/ /4. U组：/ /a/5. 组：/ /e/ /清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ / /s/ / /t/ /tr/ /ts/ /h/ 浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ / /z/ /d/ /dr/dz/ /r/ /m/n/ / /w/
3、/j/注：s与辅音元音里的爆破音结合时，通常是清辅音被浊化, /p/ /t/ /k/ 它们浊化后，分别发成: /b/ /d/ /g/二26个字母在单词中的具体发音a 1. /ei/ name able cake table take date2. / apple cat map am match matter sad and angry 3. /: / dance last pass plant 4. / want what watch wash5. / a arrive along alike aloud e 1. /i:/ he she me evening meter 2. /e/ el
4、ephant egg bed pen best get empty February next then send 3. /i/ enjoy English eleven because foresti 1. /ai / fine bike five ice climber hiking kind 2. /i/ is sit miss pig picture interesting ill dinner him listen pick rivero 1. /u / old home nose coke tomato tofu over hold piano2. / dog not clock
5、box robot on from forest often stop3. / son month mother love young4. /u:/ who do whoseu 1. /ju: / use usually excuse menu2. /bus us sun duck uncle up trunk funny must3. / u / put pull helpfulb /b/ book big bag boxc 1. /k/ clean climb cup clock cook collect curtain clothes2. /s/ face nice pencil cit
6、y cinema d /d/ desk doll dog dad day dont dish does deepf /f/ fine friend fly foot fan fall fight favourite fruit funny g 1. / gun glass glad go get 2. /d / age orange villageh /h/ hat her house honey happy have heavier hurt hobby hospitalj / d/ jeep jacket jump Jan. July Junek /k/ kite cake thank k
7、angaroo speak take walk work lake like l 1. /l/ leg left ruler flag lamp longer relax play 2. /l/ apple bowl tell old tail whale m /m/ am map my mouth milk n 1. /n/ no know new hand 2. / thank think thing uncle swingp /p/ map jeep pig pen apple plant play potato please policemanq /kw/ quite quilt qu
8、ick r /r/ red radio brother rain read run rabbit write mirror librarys 1. /s/ sit miss this salty books spring swim sleep sometimes grass 2. /z/ nose those rose rulers seasont /t/ it sit not that table little tired take left fruit but plantv /v/ five very seven village livew /w/ we window watch want
9、 wait water Wednesday winter withx /ks/ box six fox relaxy 1. /ai /my fly why bye 2. / j / yes yellow young yesterday3. / i /happy baby very windy snowy study z / z / zoo zero三、常见字母组合（一）元音组合 ai /ei/waitpaint trainay /ei/ may play day say air / / air hair chair al /:/ tall small ball ar /: / farther
10、farm car arm ea /i:/ meat please tea read /e/ head bread ready /i/theater ear / i / earhearnear /bear /:/earth ee /i:/ meet see bee feet jeep eir / their er /worker teacher /:/her ere /i/here / where there ew /ju: / newfew /u: / flewgrew ight /ai / right high bright ir /: / bird girl shirt thirty oa
11、 /u/ boat coat ong /o/longsong oo /u/ book foot good /u:/ moon balloon or /:/ short fork port /: / word world work oor /:/ doorfloor ore /:/ more store sore ou /au/ out house mouth our /:/ fouryour /au/ our ow /u/ bowlwindow /au/ now cow flower oy /oi/boytoy ur /: /turn （二）辅音组合 th / thankmouth / / t
12、his that with tr /tr/ tree train truck dr /dr/ dress driver sh / shirt wash short ch /t/ child chair catch / k / schoolChristmas / d/sandwich tw /tw/two twin twenty wh /w/ white wheel what /h/ who whose whom ts /ts/jacketskites ds /dz/birdsfriends （三）特殊组合 tion /n/ question nation 四、单词重音（word stress）
13、英语单词分为单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。含有一个元音音素的字母组合叫做一个音节，由一个音节构成的词叫做单音节词，如bedbd,daddd.由两个音节构成的词叫双音节词，如funnyfn，famousfems由两个以上音节构成的单词叫多音节词，如deliciousdls英语单词如果有一个以上的音节则有重读音节和非重读音节，由符号“ ”表示，如aboutbaut。有的多音节词有两个重音，一个是主重音，一个是次重音，或两个都是主重音，次重音用符号“，”表示，标在次重音的左下方。如anybodyn,bd。双音节的重音一般落在第一个音节上，多音节的重音通常为倒数第三个音节，如documentary,dkjmntr，grandfathergrnd,f。四句子重音（sentence stress）一个句子中，实词（名词，实义动词，数词，形容词，副词等）重读；虚词（冠词，介词）不重读。英语音标练习题一、口语练习（一）读出下列单词：1. /i:/ /i/ /e/ /bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /ril/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /z
