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1、（四） 、同步巩固：1.被动语态英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。被动语态的构成由“助动词be 及物动词的过去分词”构成助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。 一般现在时 Is/am/are +过去分词 English is spoken in many countries.一般过去时 was/were +过去分词 This bridge was built in 1989.情 态
2、动 词 can/should/may /must/+be+过去分词 The work must be done right now.被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。3.
3、get their ears pierced 穿耳洞让/使（别人）做某事 have/get sth. done(过去分词)如：I get my car repaired. = I have my car repaired. 我让别人修好我的车4. enough 足够形容词enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮enough名词如：enough food 足够食物enough to 足够去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。5.
4、stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.请停止说话。stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话。6. 看起来好像sb. seem to do sth. = It seems that +从句He seems to feel very sad.It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。7.倒装句:由so助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语意为：也是一样Neither/Nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语(前为否定) 表示与
5、前面所述事实一致.She is a student. So am I.她是一个学生，我也是。She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。She will go to school. So will he.她将去学校，他也是。Tom cant swim. Neither can John.8. yet 仍然，还常用在否定句或疑问句当中 可与although/though连用9. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up
6、 until 12:00pm.我经常熬夜到12点。10. clean up 打扫整理如：I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已经打扫 完了卧室。11. 程度副词：always总是 usually经常 sometimes有时 never从不如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school.我总是/经常/有时/从不上学迟到。12. 曾经做某事：Do you ever get to school late? Ye s, I do. No, I dont.Have you ever got to school lat
7、e? Yes, I have. No, I havent.13. go shopping(去购物), go fishing(去钓鱼)go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去划船)go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步)14. .be strict with+人. be strict in+事物.例: The head teacher is strict with his studentsHe is strict in the work.15. take the test 参加考试pass the test 通过考试 fail a test 考试失败1
8、6. the other day前几天,不久前的一天.(用于过去时)every other day = every two days 每隔一天 （每两天）17. agree 同意反义词 disagree不同意 动词agreement 同意反义词 disagreement 不同意名词18. keep sb/ sth. 形容词使某人/某物保持.如：We should keep our city clean.（cleaning）我们应该保持我们的城市干净。Dont keep me waiting for a long time.别让我等得太久。19. bothand+动词复数形式如： Both Ji
9、m and Li Ming play basketball.20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(什么) 如：Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.22. at present 目前23. a
10、t least 最少 at most 最多24. 花费 take ,cost, spend , payIt take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book.sth. cost (sb.) The book cost (me) 100yuan.sb. spend on sth. She spent 10days on this book.sb. spend doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book.sb. pay for sth. She paid 10yuan fo
11、r this book.练习：一. 用所给单词完成句子 1. （the office / clean / yesterday ）The office was cleaned yesterday. 2. （the house / paint / last month）The house _ 3. （three people / injure / in the accident）_ 4. （my bicycle / steal / a few days ago）_ 5. （when / this bridge / build ? ）_ 6. （you / invite / to the party
12、 last week ? ）_ 7. （how / these windows / break ? ）_ 8. （I / not / wake up / by the noise ）_二. Correct these sentences. （改正下列句子）1. This house built 100 years ago . This house was built 2. Football plays in most countries of the world. _ 3. Why did the letter send to the wrong address ? _ 4. A garage
13、 is a place where cars repair. _ 5. Where are you born ? _ 6. How many languages are speaking in Switzerland ? _ 7. Somebody broke into our house but nothing stolen. _三. 填空（完成被动语态填空） 1. They often clean their classroom after school . （改为被动语态） Their classroom _ often _ by them after school. 2. Li Lei
14、 gave Tom a new pen last week . （同上） A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week . 3. A lot of people in China can speak English now . （同上） English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now. 4. I have learned English for about two years. （同上） English _ _ _ for about two years. 5. They will publish these story-books next month. （同上） These story-books _ _ _ next mont
