英语词汇学习题集（Chapter 1—Chapter 3） Chapter 1 The Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabulary 1. Decide whether the following are true or false. ( ) a. A word can be defined in different ways from different points of view. ( ) b. Under no circumstances can sound and meaning be logically related. ( ) c. The introduction of printing press resulted in a lot more differences between sound and form. ( ) d. The words a person can use in speaking and writing form his active vocabulary. ( ) e. The principles by which to classify words are usage, notion and origin. ( ) f. Native words are more popular than foreign words. ( ) g. Native words enjoy the same features as the basic word stock and more. 2. Give a term for each of the following definitions. a. sub-standard words often used on informal occasions ( ) b. specialized vocabulary common in certain professions ( ) c. words used by sup-cultural groups particularly by underground society ( ) d. words that have clear notions ( ) e. words of Anglo-Saxon origin( ) f. words borrowed by way of translation ( ) g. old words with new meanings( ) Key:1. a.(T) b.(F) c.(T) d.(T) e.(F) f.(F) g.(T) 2. a. slang b. jargon c. argot d. content words e. native words f. translation loans g. neologisms Chapter 3 Morphological Structure of English Words 1. Explain the following terms: 1) morpheme 2) allomorph 3) bound morpheme 4) free morpheme 5) affix 6) inflectional affix 7) derivational affix 8) root 9) stem 2.Complete the following sentences with proper words according to the text. 1) Structurally, a word is not the_________ unit because many words are analyzable or segmentable. 2) The morpheme is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of ___________. 3) Morphemes fall into different classes by different criteria of classification. Now people tent to group morphemes into groups:_________ and _________. 4) According to the functions of affixes, we can put them into groups:______ and_____. 5) The number of inflectional affixes is ________and ________, which makes English one of the easiest languages to learn. 6) Derivational affixes can be further divided into __________and ________. 7) A_________, whether free or bound, generally carries the main component of meaning in a word. 8) A________ can be defined as a form to which affixes of any kind can be added. Key:1. 1) a minimum meaningful unit of a language 2) one of the variants that realize a morpheme 3) a morpheme that occurs with at least one other morpheme 4) a morpheme that can stand alone 5) a morpheme attached to a stem or a root 6) an affix that indicates grammatical relationships 7) an affix that forms new words with a stem or a root 8) what remains of a word after the removal of all affixes 9) a form to which affixes of any kind can be added 2. 1) smallest 2) words 3) free morphemes, bound morphemes 4) inflectional (affixes), derivational (affixes) 5) small, stable 6) prefixes, suffixes 7) root 8) stem Chapter 4 Word Formation 1. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Put F and T in the brackets. ( ) a. The most productive ways of word-formation are affixation, compounding and conversion. ( ) b. Shortening includes clipping and blending. ( ) c. Prefixation and suffixation are two subbranches of affixation. ( ) d. Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding prefixes to stems. ( ) e. Compounding is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems. ( ) f. The limited number of verb compounds are created either through conversion or back-formation. ( ) g. Verb compounds in the way of back-formation are formed mainly by dropping prefixes. ( ) h. Conversion is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class. These words are new only in a grammatical sense. ( ) i. Blending is the formation of new words by combining part of two words or a word plus a part of another word. ( ) j. Clipping, a way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and adding a new part to the original . ( ) k. Words formed through acronymy are called initialisms or acronyms, depending on the spelling of the words. ( ) l. Back-formation is the method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes. 2. Study the following words and decide how each word was formed. Put your answer in the bracket. Example: disobey (affixation or prefixation) 。
