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1、非谓语动词专题一非谓动词概述：非谓语动词，即在句子中不作谓语的动词，其具体形式分：不定式，动名词，分词三种。二非谓语动词的共性特征：1没有单、复数变化和人称变化（因为不作谓语）；2仍然具有动词本身的特点：可以带宾语、状语；可以有自己的时态、（被动）语态变化；可以构成非谓语动词短语（即不定式短语、动名词短语、分词短语）。3非谓语动词的否定形式：其结构形式无论是单一结构还是复合结构，都在其前面直接加not形成。例如：a. Not knowing a right address, he couldnt find his friends home.b. Im so sorry not to have
2、told you about him a little earlier.c. Not swimming in the river in summer is good for you.4. 非谓语动词的复合结构（即逻辑主谓关系）： a. Its very important for me to learn English well now. b. Do you mind my opening the window, please? c. There being no classes today, we dont go to school. Because there are no classes
3、 today, .三非谓语动词的差异性： 构成形式时间概念句中成分主、被动关系复合结构特殊用法作形容词不 定 式to do 表将来、将要主、宾、表、定、状、宾补(Its) for me to do(Its) of you to do 见注1 /动 名 词doing表一件事情(已过/做)、一个名称主、宾、表Thanks for your helping me.见注2 /分词现在分词doing表进行、正在； 表、定、状、宾补表主动伴随动作（主动）见注3可以，见注5过去分词done表过去、已经； 表、定、状、宾补表被动伴随动作（被动）见注4可以，见注6注1：在口诀“使让看听觉”(make,let，h
4、ave；see,watch,look at, notice , observe； hear, listen to； feel)之后作宾补时，不定式无to, 即无to 不定式( 只在主动语态中 )。但是，“看听觉”动词后接 do 和doing 的含义差别大：例如，I often heard Mary play the piano in the room last month.与I heard Mary playing the piano in the room just now. 一个表“经常、做了、将要”，另一个表“进行，正在”。注2：在口诀“妹不吃咖啡豆（喜欢、完成、操练、建议、介意、放弃、
5、思考、错过、忍受、幻想、坚持、推迟）” (like,love,enjoy,appreciate, hate, dislike; finish, end up；practice；suggest, mind；give up；consider( think of)； keep on; miss; stand; put off) 后，二动词用 doing注3：They often went to the town center, looking for some friends to talk with. They often went to the town center and looked fo
6、r some friends to talk with.注4：Mr Smith came in , followed by his son John. = Mr Smith came in _ by his son John.注5：interesting, exciting, surprising, moving, boring： 令人。 的 （主动）注6：interested, excited, surprised, moved, bored： 自己、自身。.（被动）.四含非谓语动词的习惯句型：1. feel like doing sth. 想要做。wound like; want to d
7、o sth. 2. prevent/stop/keep sb. (from) doing sth.3. go doing 结构(目的)：例如，go fishing; go swimming; go shopping4. be busy doing sth. 忙于做。5. keep (on) doing sth. 连续/ 老是做。6. be worth doing sth. 。值得一做。7. spend(时间) doing sth./ take (时间)to do sth.8. get used to doing sth./ be used to doing sth. 习惯于。pay atten
8、tion to doing sth. 注意。/ 重视。look forward to doing sth. 9. prefer. to.与。相比。更喜欢/ 爱。prefer staying at home. to playing basketballprefer to stay at home rather than play basketball.10. It was very kind/ nice/ cruel of you to give me a hand yesterday. Its very important/ usefull for you to learn English w
9、ell now11. remember, forget, stop, begin, start, go on, continue 中， 后接to do 或者 doing 的含义差别很大。例：She stopped talking when the teacher came in. She stopped to talk when the teacher came in.五非谓语动词针对性练习： (一). 用所给动词的适当形式填空：1. All the students are busy _ (get) ready for the coming math exam.2. There were n
10、o seats on the bus, so I kept_ (stand) on the way home.3. Because of my poor English, Im afraid I cant make myself_ (understand) before you.4. It took me an hour _ (finish) _ (do) my homework last night.5. The twins prefer watching TV to _ (play) football.6. In the town I have a friend _ (call) Xia
11、Li.7. Its true that our teacher is often heard _ (sing) in her room.8. The next day they found the hills_ (cover) with snow.9. Will you _ (not open) the window, please?10. At once Jim jumped into the river_ (save) the girl.11. I have tried _ (make) friends with her, but she seems not to care.12. She
12、 kept me_ (wait) for nearly 40 minutes. Too bad.13. I remember _ (tell) her about him yesterday, but she doesnt think so.14. _ (work) out the problem is another question.15. Whats the language _ (speak) in China?16. I want to know if they could get it _ (prepare) before next Friday.17. I saw him _ (
13、cross) the road safely and _ (run) away.18. I dont know where _ (meet) him.19. What makes you _ (think) Im a farmer?20. I let him _ (go) early as he wanted _ (meet) his uncle at the station.(二)根据句意改写句子1. The old man is so old that he cant work. The old man is too old .2. I dont know how I can get to
14、 the TV factory.I dont know to the TV factory.3. Mr. Green went back to England for a holiday.Mr. Green went back to England a holiday.4. Mike hopes he can visit the Great Wall on day.Mike hopes the Great Wall one day.5. Does he say anything for himself at the meeting?Does he have anything for himself at the meeting?6. He is so strong that he can carry the heavy box.He is strong the heavy box.7. He spent two hours doing the work.I
