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1、 2022年职称英语考试理工类B级新增文章（四）How Deafness Makes It Easier to Hear(B级) How Deafness Makes It Easier to Hear Most people think of Beethoven”s hearing loss as an obstacle to composing music. However, he produced his most powerful works in the last decade of his life when he wascompletely deaf. This is one o
2、f the most glorious cases of the triumph of will over adversity, but hisbiographer, Maynard Solomon, takes a different view. l . In his deaf world Beethovencould experiment, free from the sounds of the outside world, free to create new forms andharmonies.Hearing loss does not seem to affect the musi
3、cal ability of musicians who become deaf. They continue to “hear“ music with as much, or greater, accuracy than if they were actually hearing it being played.2 . He described a fascinating phenomenon that happened within three months:“my former musical experiences began to play back to me. I couldn”
4、t differentiate between what I heard and real hearing. After many years, it is still rewarding to listen to these playbacks, to ”hear” music which is new to me and to find many quiet accompaniments for ali of my moods. “ How is it that the world we see, touch, hear, and smell is both “out there“ and
5、 at the same time within us? There is no better example of this connection between external stimulus and internal perception than the cochlear implant. 3 . However,it might be possible to use the brain”s remarkable power to make sense of the electrical signals the implant produces. When Michael Edga
6、r first “switched on“ his cochlear implant, the sounds he heard were not at all Clear. Gradually, with much hard work, he began to identify everyday sounds. For example,“ The insistent ringing of the telephone became clear almost at once.“ The primary purpose of the implant is to allow communication
7、 with others. When peoplespoke to Eagar, he heard their voices “coming through like a long-distance telephone call ona poor connection. “ But when it came to his beloved music, the implant was of no help.4 . He said, “I play the piano as I used to and hear it in my head at the same time.The movement
8、 of my fingers and the feel of the keys give added ” clarity” to hearing in myhead. “ Cochlear implants allow the deaf to hear again in a way that is not perfect, but which canchange their lives. 5 . Even the most amazing cochlear implants would have been useless to Beethoven as he composed his Nint
9、h Symphony at the end of his life. 解释： 1. the triumph of will over adversity:the successful overcoming of difficulty through determination用意志力战胜不幸 2. I couldn”t differentiate between what/heard and real hearing:我无法区分真正听到的和曾经听过的声音。 3. cochlear implant:a device, surgically placed in the ear, that chan
10、ges sounds into electric signals人工耳蜗;耳蜗植入 4. But when it came to his beloved mumble,flag, implant was of no help.但是，当听到钟爱的音乐时，人工耳蜗就毫无用处(我不用人工耳蜗就能听出来)。 5. The movement of my fingers and the feel of the keys give added clarity to hearing in my head:我手指的移动以及对琴键的感觉使我听到的声音在脑海里更加清楚 练习： A .No man-made devi
11、ce could replace the ability to hear. B .When he wanted to appreciate music,Eagar played the piano. C .Still, as Michael Eagar discovered, when it comes to musical harmonies,hearing is irrelevant. D. Michael Eagar, who died in 2003,became deaf at the age of 21. E .Beethoven produced his most wonderf
12、ul works after he became deaf. F. Solomon argues that Beethoven”s deafness “heightened“ his achievement as a composer. 答案与题解： 1.F本段的开头讲：贝多芬的例子是一个意志力战胜失聪的极好的例子。但是，他的传记作家Maynard Solomon却持不同的意见。贝多芬的失聪不是一种灾难;相反，对他成为作曲家起到了促进作用。后一句解释了失聪是如何使贝多芬更好地创作。 2.D该句是本段的开头，依据后一句：他描述了在3个月之内发生的奇异的现象：我之前的音乐经受开头在脑中回放。再有后
13、一句的what I heard and real hearing可以判定D是恰当的。 3.A依据前一句：只有人工耳蜗才能使外部刺激和内心感知联系起来(失聪的人通过人工耳蜗听到外部的声音)。人工耳蜗就是一种man-made device，后一句也是在讲人工耳蜗的功能。所以A是对的。 4.B依据后一句的play the piano照应When he wanted to appreciate music.Eagar played the piano，可以断定答案为B。 5.C前一句讲人工耳蜗的作用：它能使失聪的人听到声音，尽管不完善，但转变了他们的生活;Still表示转折，该句承上启下，虽然人工耳蜗
14、能帮忙失聪的人，但谈到音乐的和声时听力就无关紧要了(听力不起作用)。所以后一句讲贝多芬在他生命的最终时刻创作第九交响曲时，无论多么完善的人工耳蜗对他来说都没有用。 译文：第十篇 如何让失聪的人更简单听见 大多数人把贝多芬的听力受损看作是他作曲的障碍。然而，他的最有力气的作品正是在他人生的最终十年里创作出来的，那时他完全失聪。 这是最值得称道的用意志战胜不幸的案例之一，但是他的传记作家梅纳德所罗门却持不同的观点。梅纳德认为，贝多芬的失聪“促进了他作为作曲家的成就，在他完全失聪的世界里，他能摆脱外在世界声音的干扰，自由地创作新的表现形式与和声。” 听力受损好像不会影响失聪的音乐家的音乐才能。他们能
15、连续“听见”音乐，与他们能真正听见音乐相比，他们“听”得同样精确，甚至更精确。 2003年去世的迈克尔伊加，在他21岁时失聪。他曾经描绘过一幅发生在三个月内的迷人的事情：“我之前的音乐经受开头在脑中回放，我无法区分真正听到的和曾经听过的东西。很多年以后，听到这些回放，“听见”对我来说是新奇的音乐，为我全部的心情找到伴唱仍旧是有所收益的。” 内心的感受?把外在刺激和内在感知相结合的的例子就是耳蜗植入。没有任何人工的装置能代替听觉力量，但是，利用大脑非凡的力量来理解植入物产生的电信号还是有可能的。 当迈克尔伊加最先“开启”题的人工耳蜗时，他听到的声音一点都不清晰。经过艰难的努力，他慢慢地开头识别出日常的声音，比方他说道“持续的电话响声几乎是立即就变得清楚了。” 耳蜗植入最主要的目的就是能够与人沟通。当人们与伊加交谈时，他能听到他们的声音“像是从接触不良的长途电话中传来的”。但是当听他钟爱的音乐时，耳蜗植入就毫无用处。每当伊加想要观赏音乐时，他就开头弹钢琴。他说“我像平常那样弹奏钢琴，同一时间在头脑中就听见它。我手指的移动以及对琴键的感觉使得头脑中听到的声音更加“清楚”。 耳蜗植入让耳聪的人以一种不完
