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1、WORDS & EXPRESSIONSappreciate【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳appreciate的意思及用法。1. Her abilities are not fully appreciated by her boss.2. I appreciate your concern, but honestly, Im fine. 3. Id appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.4. I dont think you appreciate how much time I spent preparing this meal.【自
2、我归纳】appreciate作动词，意为：赏识，鉴赏（句1）；_（可用于I would appreciate it if .句型）（句2、句3）；意识到（句4）。【即学即练】翻译下面句子。1. You cant really appreciate foreign literature in translation._2. We didnt appreciate that he was seriously ill. _3. Id appreciate it if you would turn the radio down._affect【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并从a-c中找出与1-3中的aff
3、ect相符合的释义。1. Its a disease which affects mainly older people.2. The amount of rain affects the growth of crops.3. All the people in the room were affected by her tearsa. 影响 b. （疾病）侵袭，感染 c. 感动【自我归纳】affect在以上各句中的意思分别为：1 _； 2_； 3 _。【即学即练】翻译下面句子。1. Your opinion will not affect my decision. _2. Cancer ha
4、s affected his stomach _contain【语境展示】 阅读下面句子，并试着归纳contain的意思及用法。1. The Chinese diet contains a lot of fruits and vegetables.2. This book contains all the information you need.3. The bottle contains 50 litres.4. Firefighters are trying their best to contain the forest fire. 5. Try to contain yourself
5、 and dont burst into tears in front of your mother. 【自我归纳】 contain作及物动词，意为：包含，含有（句1和句2）；容纳，里面（装）有（句3）；遏制，控制（句4）；控制，克制，抑制（感情）（句5）。【辨析】 contain与include都含有“包括，包含”之意，区别如下：contain指某物质中含有另一物质，侧重所含的量与成分。如：Junk food contains a lot of harmful substances.include侧重于对比整体与部分，指某整体包含某部分。如：At least 100 people were
6、injured, including ten foreign visitors.【即学即练】 用contain或include的正确形式填空。1. My mother was unable to _ her anger.2. The bottle _ two glasses of beer.3. The health club _ a gym, a swimming pool and a locker room.employ【语境展示】 阅读下面句子，并试着归纳employ的意思及用法。1. Jenny has been employed as a secretary in the compa
7、ny.2. You could employ your spare time better. 3. How long has she been in your employ? 【自我归纳】 employ既可作动词，也可作名词。作及物动词，意为：_（句1）；利用，使用（句2）。作名词，意为“雇用”，常构成短语in ones employ，表示“受某人雇用” （句3）。【拓展】 be employed in 忙于（某事），从事（某活动）。如：She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done. A third of the po
8、pulation is employed in agriculture.【即学即练】 根据汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词）。1. 别打扰他，他正忙着写作文呢。Dont trouble him. He _ _ _ writing a composition.2. 她失业两年之后被当地的一家书店雇用了。Having been out of work for two years, she _ _ _ a local bookstore.harm【语境展示】 阅读下面句子，并试着归纳harm的意思及用法。1. Ive got up early all my life, and it hasnt don
9、e me any harm.2. Drinking too much will do harm to your health.3. Dont harm your eyes by reading in bed. 4. There was a traffic accident, but no one was harmed. 【自我归纳】harm既可作名词，也可作动词。作名词，意为“危害，害处”，常构成短语：do sb. harm对某人有害（句1）；_ 对有害（句2）。作动词，意为“损害，伤害”（句3、句4）。【拓展】 harmful a. 有害的 harmless a. 无害的be harmful
10、 to 对有害【即学即练】 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。1. I think watching violence on TV _ (对孩子有害).2. The government insists that the dam _ (不会危害环境).die out【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳die out的意思及用法。1. Many old customs are dying out.2. Elephants would die out if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.3. It took a long time
11、 before the big fire died out.【自我归纳】 die out意为： 逐渐消失（句1）； _（句2）； 熄灭（句3）。【即学即练】 翻译下面句子。1. Neighborhood shops are dying out because of the big supermarket._2. Dinosaurs died out millions of years ago. _3. Once the fire has died out, the rescue team will move in._参考答案appreciate【自我归纳】感谢，感激【即学即练】1. 看翻译作品
12、不能真正欣赏到外国文学原著的美妙之处。2. 我们没有意识到他的病情很严重。3. 如果你把收音机的音量调低一些，我会不胜感激。affect【自我归纳】b; a; c【即学即练】1. 你的意见不会影响我的决定。2. 癌症已侵及他的胃部。contain【即学即练】1. contain 2. contains 3. includesemploy【自我归纳】雇用【即学即练】1. is employed in 2. was employed byharm【自我归纳】 do harm to .【即学即练】1. harm children / do harm to children 2. will not harm the environment / will not cause harm to the environment / will not be harmful to the environmentdie out【自我归纳】 灭绝【即学即练】 1. 由于这家大型超市，附近地区的商店正在逐渐消失。 2. 恐龙数万年前就灭绝了。3. 一旦大火熄灭，救援队就会进入。
