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1、封装优态盐同心套管式相变储冷换热器性能的实验研究 西安科技大学硕士学位论文封装优态盐同心套管式相变储冷换热器性能的实验研究姓名:李品利申请学位级别:硕士专业:供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程指导教师:姬长发 论文题目:封装优态盐同心套管式相变储冷换热器性能的实验研究 专 业:供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程 硕 士 生 :李品利 (签名)指导教师:姬长发 (签名)摘 要 目前,我国的电力增长仍然满足不了国民经济的快速开展和人民生活用电急剧增长的需要,全国缺电局面仍未得到根本的改变。在这种情况下,峰谷电价政策的实施为蓄冷空调技术提供了广阔的开展前景。因此,研究蓄冷空调技术已成为解决当今工程节能的重要手段
2、。然而,目前研究昀多的就是水蓄冷和冰蓄冷,对于共晶盐蓄冷的研究较少。共晶盐主要优点在于它的相变温度较高,可以克服冰蓄冷蒸发温度低的弱点,并可以使用普通的空调冷水机组。本文就共晶盐在同心套管储冷单元中的蓄、释冷特性进行研究。 通过实验分析得出了 Na SO ?10H O溶液的凝固点随 Na SO ?10H O的质量分数的增2 4 2 2 4 2加而提高;NH Cl 对 Na SO ?10H O 溶液的凝固点有降低作用,这对于精确控制共晶盐4 2 4 2溶液的凝固点使其满足制冷系统的要求,提高制冷机组的 COP 有重要的意义。综合比较,本实验选用 Na SO 作为蓄冷材料,为了使它的各方面性能到达
3、较满意效果参加了2 4一些添加剂:6.66%的 NaCl 和 6.16%的 NH Cl 作为降低共晶盐的凝结点,2.6%的硼砂4作为成核剂,8.7%的 MinUGeL200 作为溶液的增稠剂,还有 0.25%的 Na P O 作为分2 3 10散剂,其它为水。其结晶温度在 58。 设计同心套管蓄冷单元,对其进行蓄、释冷特性研究,结果是同心套管蓄、释冷特性良好,可以进行与制冷机组的连接实验。搭建系统试验台,对整个系统的蓄、释冷特性进行研究,其结果说明:蓄冷时,蓄冷槽入口制冷剂温度对蓄冷特性的影响较载冷剂流量的影响显著;释冷时,载冷剂进口温度对释冷特性的影响较载冷剂的流量对其的影响显著。通过对蓄冷
4、过程进行分析,得出蓄冷效果昀好的制冷剂进口温度为 1,载冷3 3剂的流量为 0.241 m /h;而释冷过程中载冷剂的进口温度和流量分别是 1083m /h时昀佳。关 键 词:峰谷电价;共晶盐蓄冷;共晶盐释冷;实验研究 研究类型:应用研究型Subject : Performance Research of the Heat Interchanger for the Enclosed Eutectic Salt Concentric Jacketed Phase Change Materials for Cooling Storage Specialty : Heating Ventilatio
5、n and Air Conditioning Engineering Name : Li Pinli(Signature)Instructor : Ji Changfa(Signature)ABSTRACT At present, our countrys electricity growth is still unable to meet the rapid development of the national economy and peoples living needs of rapidly growing electricity. Power shortage situation
6、in the country have not been a fundamental change in. In this case, the peak and valley price policy implementation for the cooling storage air conditioning technology provides a broad development prospects. Therefore, research cooling storage of air conditioning technology has been an important way
7、 to save energy nowadays. However, the current study is the largest water storage and ice storage, for the study of eutectic salt storage still less. Its main advantage is its relatively high phase transition temperature, ice storage can be overcome weakness of low evaporation temperature, and can u
8、se the normal air-conditioning chillers. This article is on the eutectic salt storage and release characteristics of the coldWe concluded that the Na SO ?10H O solution freezing point is increased, along with the 2 4 2Na SO ?10HO mass fraction increased. The NHCl has an decreased affect on 2 4 2 4Na
9、 SO ?10H O solution freezing point, and this function for precisely control of the eutectic 2 4 2salt solutions freezing point, in order to meet the cooling system requirements, improve the chiller COP has an important significance. With the comprehensive comparison, the experimental use the Na SO ?
10、10H O, and in order to reach the more satisfactory performance 2 4 2results in all the aspects , we add some additives: Na SO as storage material, 2.6% of borax 2 4 as nucleating agent, 6.66% NaCl and 6.16% NH Cl eutectic salt in order to reduce the 4condensation point, the other is water. The cryst
11、allization temperature is 5 8 。 Design the concentric tube thermal storage unit , study its storage and release of cold properties, the result shows that the concentric tube unit has a good characteristics on coldstorage and release. In view of this characteristics, it can be connected with the expe
12、riment. A experimental systems was set up, the effects of the cold storage and release characteristics have been studied. The results show that: The inlet temperature of refrigerant,when entering the ice storage tank, has an larger influence on the process of cool storage than the Flow amount o the
13、cooling medium. It is found by analyzing the process of experiment about storage that the suitable outlet temperature of the cooling medium is 1 while the flow 3amount of the cooling medium is 0.247 m /h, and the suitable temperature of inlet is 10 3while the flow amount of the cooling medium is 0.2
14、35m /hKeywords :Peak and valley priceEutectic salt cooling storageEutectic salt coolingReleaseExperimental study Thesis :Application Research 1 绪论 1 绪论 1.1 蓄冷技术的背景和意义 现代暖通空调设备已成为人们生活的第一需要,无论是国防、工业、农业、医药、科研、卫生以及现代高科技的开展都离不开空调事业。如今空调用电量己占建筑物总能耗中的 6070%,但在当前能源紧缺、电力紧张的形势下,给空调事业的开展带来了极大的不利,例如江苏、上海因电力紧缺曾规
15、定空调不许进入家庭,有的家庭安装了空调由于缺电无法使用。所谓蓄能就是将夜间多余的电能转化为冰蓄能储存起来供给白天空调使用。当前如何迅速开展与应用冰蓄冷空调系统已由提倡性而开展到必然性阶段了,尤其是美国在 2000年将空调蓄冷技术普及应用到 99%,因此,深入研究“节能,如何“蓄1能?开展冰蓄冷空调已成为我国当前工程技术的重要课题之一 。 随着国家的富强,电力工业欣欣向荣,到 1994 年底全国发电装机容量已达19900kW,年发电量达 9090 亿 kWh,居世界第 4 位,但仍然满足不了国民经济的快速开展和人民生活用电急剧增长的需要,缺电局面仍未得到根本的改变,其矛盾突出地表现在:电网负荷率偏低,电力系统峰谷差拉大,顶峰电力显示严重缺乏,造成电网经常拉闸限制用电,这与城市电力消费迅速增长的形势极不相适应,电网承受能力很差,尤其是夏天,持续高温时用电剧增,许多大中城市都出现了配电设备超载运行的不利情况,为解决电力缺乏问题,一方面靠对电力投资,加快步伐即多装机组,更重要的是通过国家对电力政策的调整,节省用电移峰填谷,充分利用现有电力资源。国家电力部门已制订了峰谷电价差政策,使低谷电价相当于顶峰电价的 1?21?6,同时还要通过空调蓄冷技术,在今后五年内将 300500万千瓦的顶峰
