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1、初中英语语法-副词副词（adverb，简写为adv）是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。副词可分为：地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。副词连用顺序：程度副词+方式副词+地点副词+时间副词。 副词adverb 起修饰或限制动词或形容词作用、表程度或范围的词。 一、副词的种类：1. 时间和频度副词: now,then,often,always,usually,early,today, late, next,lastday,already,generally,frequently, seldom,ever,never,y
2、et,soon,too, immediately, finally,shortly, before, ago,sometimes, yesterday. once，twice 2. 地点副词: here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on. 3. 方式副词: carefull
3、y, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly 4. 程度副词: much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost, slightly, hardly. 5. 疑问副词: how, when, where, why. 6. 关系副词: when, where, why. 7. 连接副词: therefore,more
4、over,however,otherwise,then. 二、副词的作用：副词在句中可作状语,表语,补语，定语He works hard. （作状语） 他工作努力。 Is she in ? （作表语） 她在家吗? Let him out!（作补语） 让他出去！ 修饰名词的副词放在被修饰词之后 a. The villagers there are busy getting in wheat 1) 实义动词之前，be动词、情态动词之后。 I am also Bush. I can also do that. I also want to play that games. 2) 副词修饰形容词,副词
5、时,副词在前面,而被修饰的词在后面。 Its rather easy, I can do it. 这很容易,我能做到。He did it quite well. 他做得相当好。 3) 频度副词可放在实义动词的前面,情态动词和助动词的后面。 I often help him these days. 这些日子我经常帮助他。 I always remember the day when I first came to this school. 我常常记得我第一次来学校的那一天。 You mustnt always help me. 你不能老是帮助我。 4) 疑问副词,连接副词,关系副词以及修饰整个句
6、子的副词,通常放在句子或从句的前面。 When do you study everyday? 你每天什么时间学习? Can you tell me how you did it? 你能告诉我你如何做的吗? First, let me ask you some questions. 先让我来问几个问题。 5) 时间副词和地点副词在一个句中, 地点副词在前面,时间副词在后面。 We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 oclock yesterday. 昨天九点钟我们到超市买东西了. What were you doing in the classroom
7、yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午你在教室里干什么？ 三、副词和形容词一样,也有它的比较级和最高级形式. 可以参考形容词的变换形式。但以词尾 -ly 结尾的副词（除 early ）须用 more 和 most 。hard harder hardest ； fast faster fastest ； early earlier earliest ；warmly more warmly most warmly 1、有些副词的比较级和最高级形式是不规则的。well-better - best little - less(er) - least much- more - most ba
8、dly - worse - worst far-farther(further)-farthest(furthest) 2、副词的比较级和最高级用法同形容词的比较级用法一样，但最高级形式句中 the 可以省略。 He works harder than I. 他比我工作努力。 Our school team play football best in our region. 我们校队在我们地区足球踢得最好的。 3、原级比较的基本用法原级比较由“as形容词或副词(或再加名词或短语)as ”构成“原级相同”比较句，表示两者比较；其否定式，即“程度不及”比较句型为“not so(as) 形容词或副词
9、as”，而且asas结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰 1） Alaska is twice A as larger B as C the next largest D state， Texas. 2）“as (so)名词as名词”进行名词比较，这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用so而不用as 3）表示“是几倍”时用“twice; three times等 + as 形容副词as.” eg. 1)This book costs twice as much as that one.
10、这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。 4）He has four times as many books as I have 他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍 比较级 四、兼有两种形式的副词：1) close与closely close意思是近； closely 意思是仔细地 He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely. 2) late 与lately late意思是晚； lately 意思是最近 You have come too late. What have you been doing lately? 3) deep与deeply deep意思是深，表示空
11、间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地 He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film. 4) high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. 5) wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是广泛地，在许多地方 He opened the door wide. English is widely us
12、ed in the world. 6) free与freely free的意思是免费；freely 的意思是无限制地 You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like. 五、可修饰比较级的词：1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等 2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。 3）以上词(除by far)外，
13、必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。 典型例题: 1）- Are you feeling _? - Yes，Im fine now. A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better 答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better. 2）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected. A.moreB.much moreC.much D.more much 答案：C.much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more
14、，因此C为正确答案。 3）If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier timeC. much happiest time D.a much happier time 练习题1. He speaks English_his aunt.A. as good as B. as well as C. as better as D. as best as2. Which do you like_, skating, swimming or fishing?A. more B. most C. better D. best3. Who sings_, Rose or Kate?A. well B. good C. better D. best4. She writes_than I.A. more careful B. much careful C. much more carefully D. much care
