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1、必修五unit5知识点详解1 Aid (v)帮助; 援助=help sb帮助某人去做. aid sb to do在事帮助某人 aid sb in He aided me in business.I aided her to continue her study.At Christmas, many organizations aid the poor.n /U/帮助; 援助在某人的帮助下with the aid of 为了帮助 in aid ofTeachers give their lessons with the aid of computers. He raised money in a
2、id of the sick.知识拓展：give/offer aid 援助come to sb.s aid 帮助某人cut off aid （突然）终止援助 a hearing aid 助听器teaching aids 教具 medical aid 医疗救护2. temporary 暂时的，临时的temporary relief from pain短暂的解痛temporary work/ solution临时工作/解决办法 3. fall illfall+ adj.illasleepawakesicksilent4 get+过去分词 表被动或状态The computer got damaged
3、 when we were moving.My bike is getting repaired now.My glasses got broken while I was playing basketball.Peter and Mary got married last year.get doneget injured受伤get dressed穿衣服get damaged遭到破坏get changed 改变get married结婚get infected被感染get broken被弄破get lost迷失，走失5 injure v.injury to sth. （部位）的伤injurie
4、s to the legsgot injuredinjuryinjuredhurt肉体，精神上的伤害（一般用语），疼痛injure意外或事故而受伤wound指外伤（刀、枪、剑伤）6. bleed-blood-bloody(v.)(n.) (adj.)His nose was bleeding. = He wasbleeding at the nose .= He has a bloodynose.他在流鼻血。bleed for为而流血, 悲痛bleed to death出血过多而死lose blood流血、失血flesh and blood血肉之躯7. choke vi. & vt. 窒息;
5、阻塞She choked with emotion. 她激动得说不出话来。The smoke almost choked me. 烟呛得我几乎喘不出气来。At the bad news, he couldnt choke back his tear听到这则噩耗，他抑制不住自己的眼泪。The man gave a few chokes and then got his breath.那个男人噎了几下才喘过气来。8.essential adj. 最重要的，不可缺少的，本质的1)Sun and water are essential to the growth of crops.阳光和水是农作物生长
6、不可缺的。2)It is essential for us to set our study goal.我们有必要来设定我们的学习目标。3)It is essential that you (should) win the votershearts.赢得选民的信任是至关重要的。-当用it充当主语而用它充当表语时，that 从句的谓语动词用should +动词原形 。9. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease,act as 作为.barrier 屏障,障碍物,隔阂You should show t
7、he ticket at the barrier.The language barrier10 poison n./vt. 毒药，毒害；毒害，使中毒eg:1)Poisons must be put out of childrens reach.毒药一定要放在孩子们够不到的地方。2)This matter will make some poison to the crops.这种物质会对庄稼造成毒害。3)Books of this kind can make poison to children.这类书会对儿童造成毒害。4)Heroin has poisoned a lot of people.
8、海洛因毒害了很多人。5)The polluted water in the river poisoned people here.污染了的河水使这儿的人中毒。-poisonous adj. 有毒(害)的eg: This medicine is poisonous if taken in large quantities.11.protectagainst/ from保护不受的损害preventfrom doing 阻止protect your eyes from strong lightto protect you against cold prevent them from getting
9、marriedprevent sb. (from) doingstop sb. (from) doingkeep sb. from doing12. sense (n. & v.)five senses：sense of smellsense of hearingthe sixth sensesense of touchsense of sightsense of tastesense of humour、duty、directionThe man has no common sense . (无常识)What he said made no sense.(没道理)sense (v.) 感觉到
10、Although she didnt say anything, I sensed that she didnt like the idea.(我感觉到她不喜欢这个主意）13.So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious. 该句是一个主从复合句，主句为：So if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious；从句为：as you can imagine.as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容，有“正如”或“就象”的意思；它所引的从句位置较灵活，可以
11、位于句首、句中或句末。另外，该句的主句中还含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。请看类似的句子：As you can see, if they are not properly protected, the farmlands will become desserts sooner or later. 正如你所看到的，这些农田如果保护不当迟早会变成沙漠。as we all know = as is known to all as we expect = as is expected as everybody can seeas you can imagine14.various 不同的，各种各样的T
12、here are various colors to choose from.vary vi 1.(in sth)be different in size, volume, strength, etc(体积、容积、力量等)呈现不同Opinions vary on this point.15. vary (with sth); (from sth to sth)change , esp according to some factor改变, 变动, 变化（尤指伴随某种因素而产生）Prices vary with seasons. 物价随季节而变动Her mood varied from opti
13、mism to extreme depression. 她的情绪由乐观一变而为极度消沉variety n. 变化，多样性，种类We all need variety in our diet. 我们都需要饮食多样化The shopping center sells a variety of goodsa variety of+名词,谓语动词的数和后面的名词保持一致16.depend on取决于,依赖,依靠,信赖,信任His whole familydepends on him他全家都靠他养活. He isamanto be dependedon他是个可以信赖的人dependent ( adj.
14、) dependence ( n. )independent ( adj. )independence (n.)17. mild-milder-mildest-mildly Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment.mild在这个句子中的意思是“轻微的、不严重的”。如：Edward suffered from a mild heart attack.爱德华犯了轻微的心脏病。mild还可以表示“温和的、暖和的；味淡的” 如：Shes the mi
15、ldest person I have ever met in my life. 她是我平生见到过的最温柔的人了a mild climate 温暖的天气mild cheese 淡味奶酪18. 词语辨析:electric电的,发电的,由电产生的,用于导电的.electrical有关电的,与电有关的.electricity电,电力. 电力学electric generator 发电机, electric cooker 电炉,electric iron 电熨斗, electric engineer 电机工程师19.swell vt./vi. Swell swelled/ swelled swollen使膨胀，使(力量，数目等)增长，使壮大，The
