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1、本课只有前三部分有录音一.本课要点及示例 在这一课里,我们要学习以that, t-h-a-t,that, which, w-h-i-c-h,which和who, w-h-o, who 开头的短句. 这种短句在整个句子里有修饰的功用.首先我们还是听一段对话, 内容是说彼得和玛丽快要毕业了, 两个人见面谈起毕业典礼的事情. 请你注意听两位英文老师的发音和语调. F: Next week we graduate from high school. I can hardly wait. M: But first there are two more examinations which I have
2、to pass. F: And there are three more papers that I have to write. M: Did you get your cap and robe for the graduation ceremony? F: Yes, but the robe which they gave me is too long. The person who gave it to me told me to take it back. M: The one that they gave me is too short. Maybe we should trade.
3、 在刚才那段对话里有些句子包含了用 that, which 和 who 开头的短句, 现在我 请英文老师再把这些句子念一遍给你听. M: There are two more examinations which I have to pass. F: There are three more papers that I have to write. F: The robe which they gave me is too long. F: The person who gave it to me told me to take it back. M: The one that they ga
4、ve me is too short.二.THAT 听了刚才那段对话, 你可能已经注意到用一个短句来修饰一个词的时候, 它的位置是在那个词的后面,比方: 穿着长礼服戴着方帽子的学生, 英文应该这样说:The students that wear long robes and caps with square tops.现在我们来练习这类句子, 每个句子都跟彼得和玛丽快要毕业有关系. 现在请你注意听男老师念句子. 然后跟着女老师把句子重复一遍. M: There are two more examinations that Peter has to pass. F: There are two
5、more examinations that Peter has to pass. M: There are three more papers that Mary has to write. F: There are three more papers that Mary has to write. M: Most students that graduate this year will attend the graduation ceremony. F: Most students that graduate this year will attend the graduation ce
6、remony. M: The students that wear long robes and caps with square tops are graduating. F: The students that wear long robes and caps with square tops are graduating.三.WHICH 刚才那些句子里用来修饰的短句都是用that 开头的, that 可以用来指人或是东西. 但是在专门指东西或事情的时候可以用 which, w-h-i-c-h, which 代替. The robe that they gave Mary is too l
7、ong. 这句话也可以这样说: The robe which they gave Mary is too long. 下面我们作一组练习, 学学这种句子, 练习的作法是由老师用 什么 what 提出一个问句, 比方 什么是文凭? What is a diploma? 然后老师念一个用 which开头的短句修饰的词, 比方 高中毕业生得到的文件 The paper which a high school graduate receives, 所以刚才那个问题的答案就是:文凭是高中毕业生得到的文件. A diploma is the paper which a high school gradua
8、te receives. 在这组练习里, 你可以学习到怎么用英文来解释什么是 学位 degree, d-e-g-r-e-e, degree, 什么是 毕业舞会 prom, p-r-o-m, prom 等等. 现在请你注意听老师问问题, 并且在学生回答问题的时候也一起回答. M: What is a graduation robe? M: the robe which the graduates wear F: A graduation robe is the robe which the graduates wear. M: What is a graduation ceremony? M:
9、a ceremony which the graduates attend F: A graduation ceremony is a ceremony which the graduates attend. M: What is a diploma? M: the paper which a high school graduate receives F: A diploma is the paper which a high school graduate receives. M: What is a degree? M: the paper which a university or c
10、ollege graduate receives F: A degree is the paper which a university or college graduate receives. M: What is a prom? M: the dance which the graduates go to F: A prom is the dance which the graduates go to.四.WHO 下面我们来学习用 who, w-h-o, who 作刚才那种短句, 比方有一句话: 老师就是教书的人 A teacher is a person who teaches. 在这
11、句话里, who 指的就是人 person p-e-r-s-o-n, person.下面我们来作一组练习,首先由老师提出一个疑问句. 比方: 谁将在典礼上致辞? Who will give a speech at the ceremony? 接着老师念出一个用 who 开头的短句修饰的词. 比方: 参加毕业典礼的官员们 The officials who attend the graduation ceremony. 所以刚才那个问题的答案就是: 参加毕业典礼的官员们将在典礼上致辞. The officials who attend the graduation ceremony will g
12、ive a speech at the ceremony. 现在请你注意听老师问问题, 并且在学生回答问题的时候也一起回答. M: Who will wear long robes and caps with square tops? M: the students who graduate F: The students who graduate will wear long robes and caps with square tops. M: Who will attend the graduation ceremony? M: the students who graduate F:
13、The students who graduate will attend the graduation ceremony. M: Who will receive a diploma? M: the students who graduate from high schools F: The students who graduate from high schools will receive a diploma. M: Who will receive a degree? M: the students who graduate from universities or colleges
14、 F: The students who graduate from universities or colleges will receive a degree. M: Who will make a speech at the ceremony? M: the graduate who has the best record in school F: The graduate who has the best record in school will make a speech at the ceremony.五.从句修饰宾语 现在我们再来学习用短句. 在刚才作的几组练习里用的短句都是用
15、来修饰主语的. 下面我们要用这种短句来修饰宾语. 比方有一句话: 父母和朋友向毕业的学生祝贺. Parents and friends congratulated the students who graduated. 在这句话里, 短句 who graduated 修饰句子里的宾语 the students.下面我们来作一组练习把两句简单的话合并成用短句修饰宾语的句子. 练习的作法是这样的: 老师先念一个句子 彼得跟学生闲谈 Peter chatted with the students, 接着老师又念第二个句子 典礼中坐在他附近的学生 The students sat near him at the ceremony.请你用 who 把第二个句子改为短句, 用来修饰第一句话里的 学生, 所以答案就是 Peter chatted with the students who sat near hi
