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1、动词的被动语态用法一：构成 “be +过去分词”，be有时候可以用become或get等代替。如：He was/got hurt in a car accident.二：被动语态的时态1） 一般时态：be +过去分词（包括一般现在时, 一般过去时, 一般将来时）如：English is spoken in many countries.The work was finished 3 days ago.Some people believe that the earth will be destroyed if people continue to do harm to environment.
2、2) 进行时态：be +being+过去分词(现在进行时，过去进行时，将来进行时)His plan is being carried out successfully.The road was being repaired when he left there.The house will be being painted by Tom tomorrow at this time.3) 完成时态： have/had +been+过去分词(现在完成时，过去完成时，将来完成时)如：The naughty boy has been punished because he was late for c
3、lass again.The building had been pulled down before he moved here.The girl will have been sent abroad by the end of this month.三：被动语态的否定式和疑问式1) 否定式: 在第一助动词后直接加“not”如：I wont be fooled by his tricks.The work hasnt been finished yet.2) 疑问式: 直接把第一助动词提到主语前面去。如：Is your house being painted by Tom?Have your
4、 homework been finished?如果要指明动作的发出者，可以用“by+名词/代词”或“with+名词/代词”。By强调行为的发出者，而with强调手段，方式，工具。如：The ground is covered by/with snow.The book was written by John.This kind of fruit can be peeled with a knife.The work was done with a computer.四：被动句的主语被动句一般可由主动句变化而来，并且被动句的主语由哪部分充当,和谓语动词的用法直接相关。1） “主语+宾语”变为被
5、动句：We have finished our homework.Our homework has been finished.They have bought some books.Some books have been bought by them.2) 动词+双宾语变为被动句：I showed them my pictures.A) They was shown of my pictures.(由间接宾语变来)B) My pictures were shown to them.(由直接宾语作主语)My uncle give me(间接宾语) a birthday present.（直接
6、宾语）I was given a birthday present by my uncle.A birthday present was given to me by my uncle.3） “动词+宾语+介词短语”变为被动句：宾语变为被动句主语，而介词短语仍然跟在谓语之后。He told the news to me.The news was told to me.He reminded me of tomorrows meeting(介词短语).I was reminded of tomorrows meeting.4） “动词+宾语+宾语补语”变为被动语态。这里，宾语补语主要是：形容词、
7、不定式、现在分词，过去分词，甚至是名词。将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补语仍然跟在谓语之后。The woman left the boy alone in the room(形容词作宾语补语).The boy was left alone in the room.I want you to buy me some books.(不定式作宾语补语)You are wanted to buy me some books.注意：当不带“to”的不定式作宾语补语时，变为被动语态，要还原不定式“to”。这样用的动词主要有：A) 使役动词。如have,make,let.I made him do h
8、omework at home. He was made to do homework at home.B)表感官的动词。如see,look at, watch,notice, observe,hear,listen to,feel.I heard her cry in the room She was heard to cry in the room.I saw him playing computer games in his bedroom(现在分词作宾语补语).He was seen playing computer games in his bedroom.I had my home
9、work finished(过去分词作宾语补语) last night.My homework was finished last night.We elected(选举）him president(总统) of America.(名词作宾语补语)He was elected president of America.5) 词组动词的被动语态：词组动词主要有四种：“动词+介词”、“动词+副词”、“动词+副词+介词”、“动词+名词+介词”。A） “动词+介词+宾语”变为被动句时，将介词的宾语变为被动句主语，介词仍然以动词词组形式跟在谓语之后。Mary will look after you. Y
10、ou will be looked after by Mary.Mary will laugh at you if you do such a thing. You will be laughed at by Mary if you do such a thing.常这样用的短语有：Account for说明。原因Agree toDeal with处理，应付Break into 破门而入Arrive atCare about关心See through看穿Talk aboutCare for照顾（某人）Listen toLook afterLook atAttend to照料B)“动词+副词+宾
11、语”变为被动句时，宾语为被动句的主语，副词仍然以词组形式跟在动词之后。When was the hospital set up?Mary has put on her white dress. The white dress has been put on by Mary.C)“动词+副词+介词+宾语”变为被动句时，介词宾语变为被动句主语，副词和介词仍以词组形式跟在谓语之后。The Chinese people all look up to the great national hero,Yuefei.The great hero,Yuefei, is looked up to by the
12、Chinese people all.D)“动词+名词+介词+名词”变为被动句时，动词后的名词和介词后的名词，均可为被动句主语。People paid attention to the 9.11 terrorist attack.9.11 terrorist attack was paid attention by people.(介词后的名词作被动句主语)Attention was paid to the 9.11 terrorist attack.（动词后的名词作被动句主语）常这样用的短语有：Catch sight of看见Make a fuss of 对。大惊小怪Take account
13、 of 考虑。Keep an eye on留意Make a mess of把。弄乱Take advantage of利用Keep pace with跟上Drow ones attention to使对。注意Take care of照顾Take hold of控制住Make an attempt to试图做。Take notes of sth把。记录下来Put emphasis on强调Put an end to结束。6） 含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面；也可采用另一种形式。可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know，say，believe，find，think，report, expect, fear, feel, assume(设想)，understand等。如： People believe that he is illIt is believed that he is ill（或：He is believed to be ill） People expect that he will come. It is expected that he will come.(或：He is expected to come.)
