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1、Vocabulary 5: Electric Power Systems1. 电力系统 power system automation电力系统自动化Electric power systems refer to the components that transform other types of energy into electrical energy and transmit this energy to a consumer.The basic requirement to a power system is to provide an uninterrupted energy su
2、pply to customers with acceptable voltages and frequency.Modern power systems all have the same basic characteristics:(1) Are comprised of three-phase AC systems operating essentially at constant voltage.(2) Use synchronous machines for generation of electricity. (3) Transmit power over significant
3、distances to consumers spread over a wide area.A modern electric power system consists of the power station, a set of transformers, the substations, the transmission network, and the switching devices. 2. 电站 电厂The power station of a power system consists of a prime mover, such as a turbine driven by
4、 water, steam, or combustion gases that operate a system of electric motors and generators.fossil-fired power plant 火电厂 hydro power station 水力发电站3. n. 变压器 升压变压器 step-up/boosting transformer transformers to raise the generated power to the high voltages used on the transmission lines降压变压器 step-down/r
5、educing transformer transformers to convert the lower distribution voltage into the level used by the consumers equipmentvariable transformer 调压变压器 PT Potential transformerCT Current transformer* 高压侧 high-voltage side 低压侧 low-voltage side4. n. 变电所，变电站，分站，分所At the substations the power is stepped dow
6、n to the voltage on the distribution lines. distribution substation配电变电站 substation load transfer变电站负荷转移5. 传输网络/系统It is common practice to classify the transmission network into the following subsystems: transmission system, subtransmission system, and distribution system. 输电系统，主干输电系统The transmissio
7、n system interconnects all major generating stations and main load centers in the system. 二次输电系统,次级输电系统The subtransmission system transmits power in small quantities s from the transmission ubstations to the distribution substations. 配电系统 distribution cabinet/box 配电柜/箱 distribution substation 配电The
8、distribution system represent the final stage in the transfer of power to the individual customers. n. 母线 n. 母排/线double bus connection 双母线接线 main and transfer busbar 单母线带旁路 7. 电力系统保护The overall system protection is divided into following sections: generator protection, transformer protection, bus pr
9、otection, feeder protection and transmission line protection. The protection scheme of electric power systems includes both the protective relays and switching circuits, i.e. circuit breakers. 8. 开关设备*supplementary equipment n. 触点 n.接触器 N.C. contact normally closed contact 常闭触点 N.O. contact normally
10、 open contact 常开触点 vacuum contactor 真空接触器断路器 A circuit breaker is a mechanical switching device capable of making, and breaking currents under normal circuit conditions and also making, carrying for a special time, and breaking currents under specified abnormal conditions such as those of short circ
11、uit air switches 空气开关 oil circuit breakers断路器多油 minimum-oil circuit breaker 少油断路器 air-blast circuit breakers压缩空气断路器 the magnetic air circuit breakers磁吹断断路器 circuit breakers SF6 circuit breakers (arc-quenching principles) vacuum circuit breakers真空断路器9. n.电抗器 电容器组 shunt reactor并联电抗 shunt/series capaci
12、tor10. 有功功率 无功功率 active / reactive load有功/无功负载 active / reactive loss有功/无功损耗 active power balance有功功率平衡 reactive power compensation无功补偿11. n.接地 v.接地 grounding capacitance对地电容ground connection接地连接 接地极earth electroden. 继电器protective relays 保护继电器 (1) overcurrent relays 过流继电器 (2) undervoltage relays 欠压继
13、电器 (3) underfrequency relays 低频继电器 (4) directional relays方向继电器 (5) thermal relays热继电器 (6) phase sequence relays相序继电器 (7) differential relays and percentage differential relays差动和比率差动继电器(8) distance relays距离继电器(9) pilot relays控制继电器relay protection 继电保护time relay 时间继电器 intermediate relay 中间继电器relay coil / contact 继电器线圈（触点）n. 互锁设备 n. 联动跳闸 trip circuit/coil 跳闸电路/线圈sequential tripping 顺序跳闸 n. 重合闸 n. 自动重合闸装置 n. 隔离开关 刀闸，刀开关n.保险（丝），熔断器 v.熔化，熔断plug-in type fuse 插入式熔断器drop-out type fuse 跌落式熔断器
