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1、语法一轮复习（五）非谓语动词编稿：葛汉剑 审核：栾爱春一、动词不定式用法1. 常见的不带to的不定式 使役性动词have/ let/ make sb. +do 感官动词see/ watch/ notice/ observe sb.+do/ doing 常见句型结构why not? / had better/ might as well do 介词but句型.have nothing to do but do 注have no choice/ alternative but to do 不定式作表语What I want to do is do sth. 固定结构prefer to do rat
2、her than +do，help sb. (to) do2. 动词be + 过去分词said/ reported/ considered/ believed等+ to do 注意：此句式中不定式to do可以根据具体情况使用进行式to be doing表示该动作与谓语动作同时发生；使用完成式to have done表示该动作先于谓语动作。3.主动形式表被动意义的不定式不定式用于形容词hard, difficult, easy, heavy, light之后，常使用主动形式表示被动意思。 The young man is easy to get along with. I have a lot
3、 of homework to do.With a lot of homework to do, I cant go to bed now.Be to blame结构中4. 固定搭配下列结构中，常使用不定式 the first /last to do expect there to be，get sb. to do only to do/ only to be done remain to be done5. 常见使用动词不定式to do作宾语的动词：afford, promise, refuse, offer, manage, pretend等。二、动名词1.构成：(not) doing/
4、being done2._(expose) to sunlight for a long time will do harm to your skin.(作主语) I cant stand _(tease) in public. (作宾语)3. 固定搭配： Its no good/use doingThere is no point/sense in doing have some trouble/difficulty in doing have fun doingspend (waste) time in doing To用作介词的短语：the key to / the approach t
5、o / be used to / be limited to / get down to/ when it comes to / look forward to / adapt to / devote oneself to / pay attention to/ contribute to preventfrom doing / stop (forbid/ban/keep) sb. from doing sth. wants /needs / requires doing be (well) worth doingcant help doing 常接动名词作宾语的动词：resist (抵制）/
6、 insist on /stand / bear/put up with(忍受）/ avoid (避免) / delay（推迟) / imagine / mind / miss / escape / enjoy / appreciate / risk （冒险）/ quit / suggest dong4. 既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词：remember to do/ doing forget to do/ doing regret to do (很遗憾地要做) / regret doing(后悔做过)try to do/ doingmean to do/ doing stop to do/
7、doing5. 下面的动词适用句型：动词+ doing；动词+宾语+to doallow/ advise/ permit/ forbid等三、现在分词 现在分词 构成： （not）doing/ having done 1. ing形式作结果状语 European football is played all over the world, making it a worldwide game.2. There is a notice in the park _(say)，“Keep off the grass.” A letter/ a sign/ a note/ a message/ a t
8、omb _(read).3. _(taste) delicious, the food sells well.联系动词属于不及物动词范畴，通常只能用ing形式，sound/ smell/ look/ taste/feel +adj.； remaining to be done 4. 用作介词的ing形式，如including, concerning, consideringHe made some comments _ (concern) pollution.(regard/include) 5. 用作连词的ing形式，ed形式，如：assuming, providing, provided
9、that 6. 不及物动词常用doing : the _(rise) price / with the price _(rise) a boy with his hand _(raise) prevent the mistake from _(occur) prevent the mistake from _(make) I met a man _(wander) in the street. There are some problems _(remain) unsettled. I found an injured man _(lie) on the ground. It is a tea
10、m _(consist) of ten players. 7. 现在分词与过去分词作定语_ (fall) leaves in the air _ leaves on the ground _(boil) water 开水 _ water 正在沸腾的水8. He was caught _(cheat) in the exam.9. doing与 having done的区别：having done 所表示的动作在谓语的动作之前发生 China joined the WTO, _(make) it develop quickly in economy. The storm left，_(cause
11、) a lot of damage to the villages. Many early Europeans, _(believe) the earth to be flat, feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth. _(show) around the Birds Nest, tourists were then taken to visit the Water Cube.三、过去分词 1. done / to be done / being done表示被动的区别 a party _(hold) tomorro
12、w；a party _ now；a party _ yesterday 2. 过去分词作表语的常见结构be dressed in / be seated / be occupied with/ be lost in thought / be absorbed in/ be devoted to/ be caught in / be stuck in / be buried in / be well prepared for / be delighted to do / be convinced of3. 现在分词作定语常修饰“物”名词，过去分词作定语常修饰“人”名词。但要注意下面的修饰关系。a
13、 _(disappoint) voice/ expression/ tears/ smile; an _(excite) look, in a _(tremble) voice等。4. have sth. done可用来表达：动作由他人完成；一种意外的结果；请人完成，且付费。 如：have the room _(break) into，have the bike _(repair)，have his house _(destroy)5.常用过去分词作宾语补足语的结构 see the plan _(carry) out hear the song _(sing) make himself _(u
14、nderstand) keep me _(remind) of the past keep me _(inform) of what is going on abroad keep his eyes _(fix) on the book make the customers _(convince) of the quality of the products四、使用非谓语动词的常见结构1. With+符合宾语结构 with +n. + doing/ to do/ done/ adj./ 介词短语 With the magazines _(buy), I left the post office. With time _
