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1、Unit5 GrammarEllipsis省略在英语中，为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个句子成分，这种语法现象称为省略。【语境展示】阅读下面几组句子，注意并归纳其中省略的用法。1. a. (You) Have a pleasant journey.b. (Has) Everybody gone?c. (You) Show me your essay please.Ill show you (my essay) later.d. (He is) A nice man, isnt he?e. George isnt coming.Why (isnt he coming)?2. a.
2、I work in a factory and my sister (works) on a farm.b. She cant speak French and I cant (speak French) either.3. a. The letter (that / which) I received from him yesterday is very important.b. The man (that / who / whom) I saw just now is called Smith.4. a. When (he was) rescued, he was almost dead.
3、b. If (you are) in doubt, you can ask at your local library.c. Although (he is) still young, he is going very grey.d. Ring me at home if (it is) necessary.5. a. I dont believe (that) he ever said such a thing.b. The passengers were told (that) their plane was about to take off and that they should f
4、asten their seatbelts.【自我归纳】一、简单句中的省略在简单句中，可省略主语、谓语或谓语的一部分、宾语等，有时甚至同时省略若干成分（第1组例句）。二、并列句中的省略在并列句中，如果后面的分句与前面的分句中有相同的成分，则该成分常被省略，以避免重复（第2组例句）。三、复合句中的省略定语从句中的省略限制性定语从句中，可省略在从句中作_的关系代词that, which, whom, who（第3组例句）。状语从句中的省略在状语从句中，如从句的主语与主句的主语一致，谓语中又包含动词be时，可以省略主语和动词be；状语从句中作主语的代词it以及动词be也可以省略（第4组例句）。宾语从
5、句中的省略在宾语从句中，连词that一般可以省略；但宾语从句中包含that引导的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句时，通常只有第_个that可以省略（第5组例句）。【注意】当先行词为the way时，从句可用that或in which引导，that或in which也常被省略。如：I love to watch the way (that / in which) she plays with the children.关系代词作介词的宾语，且介词置于关系代词之前时，关系代词不可省略。如：The friend with whom I was traveling spoke Spanish.有时可用s
6、o或not代替上文的内容，这并不构成省略，但也起到省略的作用。如：Will we get paid this week?I certainly hope so! (I certainly hope we will get paid this week!)I think I can fix it tomorrow. If not (If I cant fix it tomorrow), youll have to wait till Friday.【拓展】动词不定式中为了避免重复，常省去前文出现过的相同部分，只保留不定式符号to；但如果不定式结构中含有be, have, have been时，这
7、些词也要保留。如：You can drive today if you want to (drive).Are you a teacher now?No, but I used to be (a teacher).【即学即练】将下面句子改写为省略句。1. George will take the course and Bob might take the course too._2. While he was in college, he was an excellent athlete._3. She couldnt believe that it was all happening aga
8、in._4. I met a man whom I used to work with._5. Id like to do it but I dont know how to do it._答案【自我归纳】宾语；一【即学即练】1. George will take the course and Bob might too.2. While in college, he was an excellent athlete.3. She couldnt believe it was all happening again.4. I met a man I used to work with.5. Id like to do it but I dont know how to.
