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1、 新概念英语第二册课文详注Lesson8284 新概念英语其次册课文详注Lesson82 1.Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea. 渔夫和水手们有时声称观察过海里的妖怪。 to have seen是不定式的完成式构造。不定式的完成式用于不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前的状况： I”m sorry to have taken up so much of your time. 对不起，占了你这么长时间。 I”m glad to have met your family. 我很快乐见到了你的家里人
2、。 She seemed to have cleaned the room. 她好像已清扫过房间了。 不定式的完成式常用于believe，declare，find，say，see，know，think，understand等动词后(这些动词常用被动语态)： She is believed/said/found to have gone to Australia. 人们确认/说/发觉她已经去了澳大利亚。 He is thought/believed to have been killed in an air crash. 人们认为他在一次空难中丧生了。 不定式的完成式与表示意图、盼望等的动词连用
3、时有独特的含义： I meant/intended to have invited him, but I forgot to do so. 我本想/本准备邀请他的，可是我遗忘了。 I hope/plan to have finished by 12. 我盼望/打算到12点钟以前就已完成。(相当于将来完成时) 2.at times，有时，间或。 At times I feel that he is not honest. 有时我觉得他不诚恳。 He comes to see us at times. 他有时来看我们。 3.they are rarely caught out at sea.它们在
4、海上极少能被捕到。 A small fishing boat was carried miles out to sea 一条小渔船被拖到了几英里以外的海面上 这两句话中的out分别表示“在外海”、“向外海”： When her little boat was caught in a storm out at sea, she thought no one could help her now. 当她的小船在外海/远海遇上风暴时，她觉得那时没有人能够救她。 Don”t sail out to sea in this weather. 别在这天气出海。 4.this was no ordinary
5、 fish, 这根本不是一条一般的鱼。 no的否认意味比not(a/an)要重(用于名词或形容词之前、系动词be之后)： They are no friends of ours. 他们根本不是我们的朋友。 This is no easy work. 这肯定不是件简单干的活。 5.made every effort, 尽一切努力。(cf.第78课课文详注) 6.Such creatures have rarely been seen alive by man人们很少能看到活着的这类动物 creature指包含人在内的“生物”、“动物”。指人时它可以表示怜爱等感情，多用于指女性： There ar
6、e many strange creatures in the sea. 海里有很多惊奇的生物。 The poor creature has suffered a lot during that time. 这可怜的家伙/人在那段时间里遭了不少罪。 新概念英语其次册课文详注Lesson83 1.The former Prime Minister, Mr. Wentworth Lane, was defeated in the recent elections. 前首相温特沃兹莱恩先生在最近的大选中被击败。 (1)former在这里表示“以前的”、“从前的”或“前任的”，后面需要跟名词： Yes
7、terday, he received a letter from his former wife/English teacher. 昨天他收到了他前妻/以前的英语教师的一封信。 (2)election指一般选举时用单数，指全国性的选举时用复数： An election will be held next month. 下月将进行一次选举。 He hopes to defeat his rival in next year”s elections. 他盼望在明年的大选中击败对手。 2.the ex-Prime Minister had gone abroad.这位前首相出国去了。 前缀ex-加
8、在名词前表示“以前的”(相当于former)，如ex-husband(前夫)， ex-wife(前妻)，ex-taxi-driver(前出租汽车司机)，ex-manager(前任经理)，ex-headmaster(前任校长)等。 3.Though a little suspicious this time虽然那位警察这次有点疑心 这是一个省略了主语和连系动词的让步状语从句。通常，假如从句的主语与主句的一样而谓语带系动词be，则主语+be可省略(缘由状语从句例外)： While at college, she wrote a novel. 她上大学时写了一部小说。 He acted as if
9、certain of success. 他的举止就像肯定会胜利一样。(方式) If possible, please let me know by this evening. 假如可能的话，请在今晚以前告知我。(条件) Though tired, he went to bed very late. 他虽然疲乏，但还是很晚才上床。(让步) 缘由状语从句的省略形式要带分词being： Being worried about his child, he walked up and down in the room. 他由于为孩子担忧，在屋子里来回走着。 新概念英语其次册课文详注Lesson84 1.
10、go on strike，罢工。 on strike表示“在罢工”： The workers are on strike. 工人们在罢工。 It is not clear yet when the teachers on strike will return to their classrooms. 目前还不清晰罢课的教师何时会回到教室去。 Must we go on strike? 我们必需罢工吗? 2.The strike is due to begin on Tuesday. 罢工定于星期二开头。 due表示“预定的”、“商定的”，后面可以跟带to的不定式，也可以不跟。它后面通常有确定的
11、时间状语： The plane is due(to arrive)in London at 9 o”clock. 飞机预定9点抵达伦敦。 The performance is due to begin at 7 o”clock in the evening. 演出定于晚上7点开头。 due to后面若是名词，则它表示“由于”、“由于”(通常用于系动词be之后)： Our delay was due to the heavy traffic. 我们被耽误了是由于交通拥挤。 3.the strike will continue until general agreement is reached
12、about pay and working conditions.此次罢工将始终持续到就工资和工作条件问题达成全面协议的时候为止。 在until引导的时间状语从句中，主语agreement的定语about pay and working conditions被谓语隔开了。由于谓语很短，假如定语紧跟agreement，则句子读起来会头重脚轻。这种修饰语与被修饰语隔开的状况通常在不会 引起误会时使用。如He looked at the girl with large blue eyes这句话就简单引起误会，with large blue eyes既可修饰he也可修饰the girl。 4.to s
13、ome extent，在某种程度上。 也可以用to a certain extent： The weather has helped me to some/a certain extent. 天气在某种程度上帮了我的忙。 5.press，新闻界，报界;记者们(集合名词，后面动词用单数或复数均可)。 Ian is a member of the press. 伊恩是位新闻界人士。 The press is/are waiting to see the president. 记者们在等着见总统。 6.Only one or two people have objected that the stu
14、dents will drive too fast!只有一两个人提出反对意见，说学生们会把车开得太快! object作动词时后面可以跟从句，表示“提出异议”、“反对”;它后面也可以跟介词to+名词/动名词，表示“反对”、“不喜爱”、“不赞成： They objected that the book was too difficult for them. 他们提出异议，说这本书对他们来说太难了。 A lot of people object to smoking in public places. 很多人不赞成在公共场所吸烟。 Do you object to my sitting beside you? 你反对我坐在你旁边吗?
