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1、OGApplied Artsand Fine ArtsSince the laws of physics, not some arbitrary decision, have determined the general form of applied-art objects, they follow basic patterns, so much so that functional forms can vary only within certain limits.翻译原文：由于物理法则并不是随意武断的抉择，它决定了应用艺术品的总体形式，它们如此遵循基本样式以至于功能形式只有限定的几种变化
2、句子逻辑关系词：since, only2. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. Functional applied-art objects cannot vary much from the basic patterns determined by t
3、he laws of physics.The function (general form) of applied-art objects is determined by basic patterns in the laws of physics. Since functional applied-art objects vary only within certain limits, arbitrary decisions cannot have determined their general form. 逻辑关系不对The general form of applied-art obj
4、ects is limited by some arbitrary decision that is not determined by the laws of physics. The Originsof CetaceansThe structure of the backbone shows, however, that Ambulocetus swam like modern whales by moving the rear portion of its body up and down, even though a fluke was missing.翻译原文：然而脊椎骨的结构表明A
5、mbulocetus，尽管没有fluke，像现代鲸鱼一样通过使后半部分身体上下运动游泳。句子逻辑关系词：even though10. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.Even though Ambulocetus swam b
6、y moving its body up and down, it did not have a backbone. 逻辑有问题The backbone of Ambulocetus, which allowed it to swim, provides evidence of its missing fluke.Although Ambulocetus had no fluke, its backbone structure shows that it swam like modern whales.By moving the rear parts of their bodies up an
7、d down, modern whales swim in a different way from the way Ambulocetus swam.Desert FormationThe extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process.翻译原文
8、：沙漠化的极端严重性源于大片的土地、大量受灾人口以及逆转甚至只是减缓这一进程的难度。句子逻辑关系词：results from10. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. Desertification is a signific
9、ant problem because it is so hard to reverse and affects large areas of land and great numbers of people.Slowing down the process of desertification is difficult because of population growth that has spread over large areas of land. 漏平行信息The spread of deserts is considered a very serious problem tha
10、t can be solved only if large numbers of people in various countries are involved in the effort. 没说过Desertification is extremely hard to reverse unless the population is reduced in the vast areas affected.没说过Early CinemaHe refused to develop projection technology, reasoning that if he made and sold
11、projectors, then exhibitors would purchase only one machine-a projector-from him instead of several.翻译原文：他拒绝发展投影技术，因为如果他制作并销售投影仪，展览者们就只会从他这里买一种机器即投影机而不是几种机器句子逻辑关系词：only3. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence from the passage?Incorrect answ
12、er choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.Edison was more interested in developing a variety of machines than in developing a technology based on only one.Edison refused to work on projection technology because he did not think exhibitors would replace their
13、projectors with newer machines.Edison did not want to develop projection technology because it limited the number of machines he could sell.Edison would not develop projection technology unless exhibitors agreed to purchase more than one projector from him.AggressionFor example, people who believe t
14、hat aggression is necessary and justified-as during wartime-are likely to act aggressively, whereas people who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust, or who think that aggression is never justified, are less likely to behave aggressively.翻译原文：比如，那些认为侵略行为是必要且公正的就如在战争时期一半的人表现得更有
15、侵略性；而那些认为特定战争或侵略行为不公正的人表现得没那么有侵略性。句子逻辑关系词：Whereas8. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.People who believe that they are fight
16、ing a just war act aggressively while those who believe that they are fighting an unjust war do not.People who believe that aggression is necessary and justified are more likely to act aggressively than those who believe differently.People who normally do not believe that aggression is necessary and justified may act aggressively during wartime.People who believ
