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1、 英语综合课后答案Unit 11. What does the icy defender refer to? It refers to the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.2. What did Napoleon expect when he assembled his army to attack Russia? He expected the conquest of Russia in five weeks.3. What did the Russians do in the face of Napoleons offensive? What str
2、ategy did the Russians adopt? Instead of fighting, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. They let the Russian winter fight the war for them while they bided their time4. What did Napoleon discover after he occupied Moscow? Napoleon discovered that the occupation of the
3、 city was an empty victory because the Russians fled their capital leaving him almost nothing at all.5. What happened to Napoleons army when it was retreating from Moscow? They suffered heavy losses as a result of the extreme cold and the Russians hit-and-run attacks.6. What did Napoleon do when Par
4、is was captured? Napoleon abdicated and went into exile.7. When did Hitler begin his invasion of the Soviet Union? What tactics did he use? How long did he expect the campaign to last? Hitler began his invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941 without a declaration of war. He expected the campai
5、gn to last no longer than three months by using the so-called lightning war tactics。8. Was Stalin prepared for Hitlers attack? What did he do in the face of the German invasion? No, he wasnt. He instructed the Russian people to scorch the earth in front of the German invaders.9. How did the people o
6、f Leningrad respond to the German attack? The people of Leningrad refused to surrender and put up a heroic, stiff resistance.10. What slowed down the German advance on Moscow? What made the German offensive come to a halt? An early, severe, cold winter, to a large extent, slowed down the German adva
7、nce on Moscow.11. What was the significance of the battle of Stalingrad? The loss of the battle for Stalingrad turned the tide against Hitler. The German victories were over.12. What conclusion does the author draw from Napoleons and Hitlers military campaigns? The author concludes that the elements
8、 of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign.Unit 21. How important was the automobile industry in the twentieth century? The automobile industry ranked as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century. 2. What will happen to cars and roads in the twenty-firs
9、t century? Cars and roads will be revolutionized in the twenty-first century3. Why does the author say the key to tomorrows smart cars will be sensors? Because it is sensors that will enable vehicles and roads to be able to see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and act.4. How would sensors help reduce traff
10、ic fatalities? Sensors can sense if a driver is drunk and refuse to start up the engine.5. What is the function of the radars hidden in the bumpers? The radars hidden in the bumpers can scan for nearby cars. If you make a serious driving mistake the computer will sound an immediate warning. 6. How w
11、ill a smart car alert a driver who feels drowsy? If the drivers eyelids close for a certain length of time and his or her driving becomes erratic, a computer in the dashboard could alert the driver.7. What makes it possible for smart cars to determine their approximate location? GPS makes it possibl
12、e for smart cars to determine their location on the earth to within about a hundred feet.8. What are the prospects for applications of GPS? With the price of microchips dropping so drastically, future applications of GPS are virtually limitless.9. What is telematics expected to achieve in increasing
13、 the efficiency and safety of highway transportation? It is expected to put smart cars on smart highways.10. What are traffic engineers doing on Interstate 15 close to San Diego? They are installing an MIT-designed system which will introduce the automated driver。11. What hopes do promoters of the s
14、mart highway have for its future? They have great hopes for its future. By 2010, telematics may well be incorporated into one of the major highways in the United States. By 2020, telematics could be adopted in thousands of miles of highways in the United States.12. What are the advantages of smart h
15、ighways? Smart highways could be an environmental boon, saving fuel, reducing traffic jams, decreasing air pollution, and serving as an alternative to highway expansion.Unit 31. What is the writer according to what he says at the beginning of the text? He runs a manufacturing company. 2. What kind o
16、f answers did he get from the college graduate who wanted a job? Almost all of them were no.3. What conclusion did the writer draw from the young applicants answers? This applicant was ill prepared for the job he was applying for and therefore ill qualified.4. What is the first suggestion the writer giv
