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1、苏教版初中七年级英语总复习知识点考点总结1、名词 A)、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:一)在后面加 s.以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories二)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s.如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways四)以o结尾加s(外来词).如:r
2、adios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s).如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks八)单词形式不变
3、,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词.如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数.如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers十)有的单复数意思不同.如:fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作 works作品,工厂, glass玻璃 glasses
4、玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡十一) 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或s.如:Is (Is), Ks (Ks).但如是缩略词则只加s.如:IDs, VCDs, SARs十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-EnglishmenB)名词的格当
5、我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式.构成如下:一)单数在后面加s.如:brothers, Mikes, teachers二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理.如:Teachers Day教师节, classmates; Childrens Day六一节, Womens Day三八节三)由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理.如:Mike and Bens room迈克和本的房间(共住一间),Mikes and Bens rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)2、代词项目人称代词物主代
6、词指示代词反身代词人称主格宾格形容词名词性第一人称单数 I me my mine myself复数 we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数 you you your yours yourself复数 you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数 she her her hers herself he him his his himself it it its its this that itself复数 they them their theirs these those themselvs3、动词A) 第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应
7、该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:一)一般在词后加s.如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es.如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es.如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries 2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s.如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys四)以o结尾加es.如:does, goes五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has
8、B) 现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:一)一般在后加ing.如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing.如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个
9、元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing.如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing.如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于4、形容词的级我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或级形式.构成如下:一) 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st).如:greater-greatest, shorter shortest,
10、 taller tallest, longer longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est.如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest三) 以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est.如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(
11、more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest四)特殊情况:(两好多坏,一少老远) good/well-better best,many/much-more most,bad/ill-worse worst,little-less least,old-older/elder oldest/eldest,far-farther/further farthest/furthest5、数词(基变序,有规则;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去.) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth苏教版初中七年级英语知识点总结.doc下载Word文档到电脑,方便收藏和打印全文共2525字