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1、杨跃，实用科技英语翻译研究，西安：西安交通大学出版社，2008 所谓“通顺”，就是在确切理解和掌握原文的基础上，汉语译文必须规范化，用词 造句应符合汉语表达习惯，力求通顺易懂。要摆脱原文形式的束缚，不要逐词死 译，生搬硬套，选用符合汉语习惯的表达方式，把愿意清楚明白的再现出来。科 技译文的通顺还要符合专业表达的习惯，采用规范的专业语言，只在形式上忠实 于原文，还不算是好的译文。在 EST 翻译中，陆殿杨提出一条原则 :“Translate literally, if possible, or appear tofree translation.” (能直译就尽量直译，不能直译就采取意译。)译好
2、科技英语需要具备的三个条件：对英语要比较精通(Good command of English);汉语水平要比较高(Good command of Chinese);对有关的科技内容要比较熟悉，即知识水平( Familiarity with Knowledge ofScience and Technology)一般来说，从事科技翻译工作，最好是通晓外语的本行专家，由熟悉本行业的行 家翻译出来的东西，远比精通外语的门外汉要强得多。严复翻译的三字标准“信、达、雅”。求其信，已大难矣！故信矣，不达，虽译， 犹不译也，则达尚焉。易曰修辞立诚，子曰词达而已，又曰言之无文，行之不远。 三者乃文章正轨，亦即为
3、译事楷模，故信达而外，求其尔雅。此不仅期以行远已 耳，实则经理微言。用汉以前字法句法，以为达易；用近世利俗文字，以求达雅， 往往意义就词，毫厘千里。审择于斯二者之间，夫固有所不得已也。(天演论 译例言， 1898)林语堂：忠实、通顺、美傅雷：神似钱钟书：化境对于“美(雅) ”，尚有争议。但“忠实”和“通顺”已成公认标准。1. Relatively little research has been centered on the feeding behavior of this species because of difficulty in its detection and capture.
4、2. This conclusion, however, was based on limited feeding observation and irregular occurrence of these “sap-site” trees.3. Other studies conducted analysis on faecal samples from north Queensland and Victoria respectively to determine feeding behavior.4. These studies found5. Qualitative observatio
5、ns of feeding behavior in gliders have also been carried out.6. This study aims at achieving this by addressing the following question.7. During a ten-year period of time, the number of HIV-infected children rose from 250 in 1985to 6700 in 1995.In other words, the number of HIV-infected children und
6、er 12 increased by almost 3000%, or nearly 30 times over a ten-year period of time and during the same period of time 3811 child died of AIDs.8. Registered students from Henan were 49 in 2001, 50 in 2002 and 47 in 2003. So changes are small with regard to this group over the last three years. Turnin
7、g to students from Shandong, we find the figure 34 in 2001, and in 2002, the number was almost doubled to settle around 67. In 2003, it fell to 42. The last group is students from Shanxi. As you can see, the number was cut down by half in 2003 compared with the number in 2001.9. Although studies hav
8、e shown that diet has an important influence on a mammals overall biology, little is known about the feeding ecology of many Australian species.10. Advanced ceramic materials such as zirconia have great potential as substitutes for traditional material in many engineering applications; however, a nu
9、mber of problems have thus far restricted their use by engineers. Two of the major problems are difficulties in producing products of reliable and consistent quality and high cost of manufacture.11、The motion of ions is the motion of such atoms as have gained, or lost electrons, which in most cases
10、takes place in chemical solutions .离子的运动，也就是已经得至U 或失去电子的原子的运动，这种运动大多发生在化学溶液中。12、Every body continues in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line, unless acted upon by an external force .物体如不受外力作用，将保持静止或匀速直 线运动状态。It assumes that a pn junction acts like a 0.7-V battery which is either ON
11、 or OFF, depending on the input signal magnitude.假定 PN 结的作用相当于一个 0.7 伏的电 池，其处于开启或闭合的状态取决于输入信号的大小。13 、 It is found that agreement between the characteristics of the model and experimental measurements is quite good.结果发现，这一模型的特性与实验测量结 果非常吻合。14、A capacitor is a device consisting of two conductors separ
12、ated by a nonconductor. 电容器是由绝缘体隔开的两个导体组成的一种器件。15、Most gas lasers, operating on the same basic principle, have the advantage of being able to emit their coherent beams continuously. 大多数气体激光器的基本工作 原理是相同的，它们的优点是能够连续地发射相干光束。In this case electrons will possess more energy, thus increasing the best. 在这种情
13、况 下，电子的能量将更大，从而增强了光点的亮度。Speed is the distance moved divided by the time elapsed. 速度等于运动的距离除以 所花的时间。On integrating this equation, we obtain a formula whereby the exponent of the cosine factor is unchanged.对这个方程积分后，我们得到了一个公式，根据这个公式，余 弦因子的指数并不改变。In radiation, thermal energy is transformed into radiant
14、energy, similar in nature to light 热能在辐射时转换成性质与光相似的辐射能。The distance from the radar set to the target is called the range. 从雷达机到目标的距 离被称为作用范围。The superiority of radar to ordinary vision lies in the greater distances at which seeing is impossible with radar.雷达相对于普通视力的优势在于利用雷达所能看清的距 离比较远。The variation
15、of g with latitude is due in part to the eart重力加T度tgo随 纬度的变化，部分原因是由于地球的自传。A comparison of Eq.(4) with Eq.(6) leads to the following reactions.把式(4)与式(6) 比较，我们就得到以下几个关系式。Expressed in a formula, the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit can be written as V=IR. 若用公式表示，电路中的电
16、压、电流及电阻的关系 式可写成 V=IR.Its transmission over a long distance causes some loss of energy. 他的长途输送会损 失一部分能量。The number of radioactive atoms that decay per unit time is proportional to the number of atoms available.单位时间内衰变的放射性原子数与存在的原子数成正 比。Comparison of Figs.12-7 and 12-5 will show that the situation here is essentially the same as Example (1).比较图 12-7 和 12-5 就可以看出，这里的情况与例(1)的情 况基本上是相同的。The heat produced is eq
