《2022年考博英语-中国科学院考前模拟强化练习题48（附答案详解）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-中国科学院考前模拟强化练习题48（附答案详解）（29页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、2022年考博英语-中国科学院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 填空题The British government turns its attention to the dire state of vocational training. Budget cuts are never pleasant. Yet the past few years have been particularly hard, says Gerry McDonald, the chief executive of New City College in east London. (71)Since 1990, f
2、unding for primary and secondary schools has soared. (72) But there has been no such increase in cash for further education, the mostly vocational courses for over-16s.On March 8th Philip Hammond, the chancellor, turned his attention to the sector. After announcing funding to pave the way for new se
3、lective grammar schools, he promised a big injection of cash for further education and confirmed a shake-up of the chaotic way in which it is organized. By 2022, colleges will get an additional 500m ($ 600m) a year, a 19% increase in the 16- to 19- year-old vocational-education budget.Britain has hi
4、storically put little emphasis on further education. (73) That may help explain why productivity growth has stalled, and why British youngsters are less literate and numerate than their peers in other rich countries.Employers moan that skilled workers are scarce, especially in industries like engine
5、ering and IT. The sector has struggled with shoddy qualifications. The six in ten 18-year-olds who do not take A-levels, academic school-leaving qualifications, are poorly served by a hotchpotch of some 13,000 courses of varying quality.In 2015, the government commissioned Lord Sainsbury to examine
6、the state of technical education in England. (74) Many of the courses are too basic to be of much use. Mr. Hammond now aims to clear up this muddle.Following Lord Sainsburys recommendations, the government will introduce 15 subject areas, grouping together topics such as social care or transport and
7、 logistics. Students will work towards “T-levels” (for “technical”), developed with firms. (75) The extra funding will provide more work placements. And those who go on to take degree-equivalent qualifications will have access to loans to cover the cost of living.A. Universities have been given the
8、right to raise their incomes by levying tuition fees on students.B. His institution is the result of a merger of three local colleges that have pooled resources in the past year partly to cut costs.C. His report, published in 2016, despaired that a wannabe plumber had to choose between 33 qualificat
9、ions, offered at three different levels, by five awarding organizations.D. Organizations will compete for the right to award the qualification.E. In 2012 it placed 16th out of 20 member countries of the OECD in a ranking of the proportion of 20- to 45-year-olds who finished education with a vocation
10、al qualification.F. Some would rather the reforms offered a broader education to those going down a vocational path, with more of a focus on ensuring competency in maths and English.【答案】71.B72.A73.E74.C75.D【解析】【选项释义】A. Universities have been given the right to raise their incomes by levying tuition
11、fees on students. A. 大学被赋予通过向学生征收学费来提高收入的权利。B. His institution is the result of a merger of three local colleges that have pooled resources in the past year partly to cut costs. B. 他的机构是由三所当地学院合并而成的，这些学院在过去的一年里集中了资源，部分原因是为了削减成本。C. His report, published in 2016, despaired that a wannabe plumber had t
12、o choose between 33 qualifications, offered at three different levels, by five awarding organizations. C. 他在2016年发表的报告中，对一个想当水管工的人必须在五个授予机构提供的三个不同级别的三十三个资格证书中做出选择感到绝望。D. Organizations will compete for the right to award the qualification. D. 各组织将为授予学历的权利而竞争。E. In 2012 it placed 16th out of 20 member
13、 countries of the OECD in a ranking of the proportion of 20- to 45-year-olds who finished education with a vocational qualification. E. 2012年，在经合组织二十个成员国中，在完成教育并获得职业资格的二十至四十五岁的人的比例排名中，它名列第十六位。F. Some would rather the reforms offered a broader education to those going down a vocational path, with mor
14、e of a focus on ensuring competency in maths and English. F. 一些人希望改革能够为那些走上职业道路的人提供更广泛的教育，更加注重确保数学和英语的能力。71.【考查点】上下文关联。【解题思路】第一段说到“预算削减（Budget cuts）从来不是令人愉快的。”，介绍了英国职业培训方面预算削减的情况，B选项中的“cut costs（削减成本）”和上文的“Budget cuts（预算削减）”相对应。因此B选项“他的机构是由三所当地学院合并而成的，这些学院在过去的一年里集中了资源，部分原因是为了削减成本。”正确。72.【考查点】上下文关联。【
15、解题思路】本段说到“对中小学（primary and secondary schools）的资助大幅增加。但是用于继续教育（further education）的资金却没有增加。”，介绍了政府对不同类型学校的资金资助情况，A选项中的“Universities（大学）”也属于一种学校类型。因此A选项“大学被赋予通过向学生征收学费来提高收入的权利。”正确。73.【考查点】上下文关联。【解题思路】上文说到“英国历来很少重视（put little emphasis on）继续教育。”，E选项中的“在二十个成员国中名列第十六位”就是这一情况带来的结果。因此E选项“2012年，在经合组织二十个成员国中，在
16、完成教育并获得职业资格的二十至四十五岁的人的比例排名中，它名列第十六位。”正确。74.【考查点】上下文关联。【解题思路】上文说到“2015年，政府委托塞恩思伯里勋爵调查英格兰的技术教育状况。”，C选项中的“His report, published in 2016（他在2016年发表的报告）”和上文的“2015年”相对应。因此C选项“他在2016年发表的报告中，对一个想当水管工的人必须在五个授予机构提供的三个不同级别的三十三个资格证书中做出选择感到绝望。”正确。75.【考查点】上下文关联。【解题思路】下文说到“而那些继续获得同等学历（qualifications）的人将获得贷款以支付生活成本。”，由此可知空格处应该再说为学生提供学历，D选项中的“award the qualification（授予学历）”和上文的“go on to take degree-equivalent qualifications（继续获得同等
