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1、1楼英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。初中阶段的被动语态有五种时态，我们可以从以下方面进行小结：一、被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do为例）结构：主语 + be + 过去分词时态：1. 一般现在时： am (is, are) done.2.带情态动词的被动语态：must (can, may, should, need, would) be done3. 一般过去时： was (were) done * 4. 一般将来时： will (shall) be done * 5. 现在进行时： am (is, are) being done6. 现在完成时： have (has) been don
2、e 二、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。1主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 (S+V+P)此结构不可用被动语态。(正) The flowers smell sweet.(误) The flowers are smelt sweet.2主语 + 不及物动词 (S+V)此结构不可变被动语态。(正) An accident happened last night.(误) An accident was happened last night.3主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (S + V+ O)（1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语Children often sing this
3、song This song is often sung by children.（2）将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时，不可将介词或副词去掉。We should listen to the teachers carefully.The teachers should be listened to carefully.4主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (S + V+ IO+ DO)（1）.将表人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。He showed us a picture .We were shown a picture.（2）.将指物的直接宾语变为主语，要在间接宾语前
4、加介词to或for.常用加to的动词give, show, pass, read等常用加for的动词 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等A picture was shown to us.A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.5 主语+及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (S+ V+ O + C)如动词为 make, see, hear, watch 等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to” 。I saw him fall off the tree.He was seen to fall of
5、f the tree.6. be + 过去分词 并非都是被动语态，系动词 be, feel, seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，表示某种状态。 Im interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。*7. 某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义。The womans clothes sell well. 女装卖的快。This book sells best.这本书很畅销. 3楼二、把下列句子改写成被动语态1.They make machines in that factory. _2.Every body likes this song. _3.H
6、e doesnt show the stamps to me. _4.People dont grow rice in the west of Japan._5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble._6.Do the workers build many buildings? _7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses? _8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu? _9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do?_10.How
7、 many desks do they buy every term?_11.They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week._12.Granny told us a story last night. _13.He didnt give the dictionary to me yesterday._14.He didnt buy anything there before he left._15.Did he clean the blackboard just now?_16.When did she cook supper yest
8、erday? _17.Where did she make them? _18.Whose ruler did you borrow? _19.We must tie the young tree to the stick._20.They cant mend the bike in that shop._21.You should take good care of her baby._22.You may take it back home. _23.May I look after the baby at home? _24.Must we hand in our exercise-bo
9、oks now?_25.Can you mend this radio here? _被 动 语 态 练 习 2一、 将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。1. We can finish the work in two days. The work _ _ _ in two days.2. They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk _ _ in Suzhou.3. The children will sing an English song. An English song _ _ _ by the children. 4. You neednt do it now.
10、It _ _ _ by you now.5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week. A New Year Card _ _ _ her by me last week.6. Peole use metal for making machines. Metal _ _ for making machines.7. He made me do that for him. I _ _ _ that for him.8.I have given this book to the library. This book _ _ _ to the library.9
11、.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? _ a bridge _ here by them a year ago?10.Well put on an English play in our school.An English play _ _ _ on in our school.11.More and more farmers buy colour TV sets. Colour TV sets _ _ _ more and more farmers.12.My brother often mends his watch. His watch _
12、_ _ by my brother.13.We must water the flowers every day. The flowers must _ _ (by us) every day.14.They use knives for cutting things. Knives _ _ for cutting things.15.He made the farmers work for a long time. The farmers _ _ _ _ for a long time.16.Did he break the window yesterday? _ the window _ _ _ yesterday?17.They have sold out the light green dresses. The light green dresses _ _ _ out.18.We clean the classroom every day. The classroom _ _ every day.19. You must not plant
