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1、现在完成时1. 概念：表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的结果或影响；也可表示某一动作过去已经开始，一直持续到现在。如：He didnt go to the movie because he has seen it.They have lived here for ten years.2. 构成：have / has done否定形式：have / has not done疑问句：把have / has 提前I have finished my homework.I havent finished my homework.Have you finished your homework? -Yes
2、, I have. / No, I havent3. 用法：现在完成时通常和以下时间状语连用：already, never, ever, just, before, yet, in the last/past few years, since + 点时间，for + 段时间。如：I have never heard of it before.They have just finished the project.Great changes have taken place in our city recently.4. already和 yetalready“已经”，一般用于肯定句，与完成时连
3、用。如：I have already fed the cat. 否定句和疑问句用already表示惊讶。如：Has he gone to bed already?yet“已经，还”，一般用于否定句和疑问句，与完成时连用。如：Have you packed the camera yet?I have not yet been to the Great Wall.5. since和 forsince + 点时间；for + 段时间，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。She has studied in this school since 2012.She has studied in this schoo
4、l since two years ago.She has studied in this school for two years.翻译：我们已经等你一个小时了。_6. 非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转化。当现在完成时与段时间连用时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，非延续性动词必须转化为延续性动词。如：The meeting has started for half an hour.The meeting has been on for half an hour.start-be on finish-be over borrow-keepgo/leave-be away come-be in jo
5、in-be in buy-have die-be dead marry-be marriedreturn-be back fall asleep-be asleep 1. Our English teacher is very nice. We _ friends since three years ago.A. were B. became C. have been D. have made 2. He _ his hometown for twenty years. He really missed it.A. has been away from B. leftC. has left D
6、. is away from3. Jack _ the MP4 for two years. A. bought B. have bought C. has had D. has bought注意：在否定句中，非延续性动词可以和段时间连用。如：We havent met for many years.7. have gone to、have been to和 have been inhave gone to“去某地了”，还未回来，可能在路上，也可能在某地。如：My father isnt at home. He has gone to work.have been to“去过某地”，强调曾经到
7、过，现在已不在某地。如：I have been to the zoo twice.have been in“来到某地”，通常和段时间连用。如：They have been in the city for three days.1. -Id like you to tell me something about the museum.-Sorry, but neither Jack nor I _ there.A. have been B. had been C. have gone D. has gone2. Why are you worried?-Im expecting a call f
8、rom my daughter. She_ New York for three days.A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been in D. has come to3. Where can I find Tim? - He _ the post office. A. has been to B. has gone to C. went D. goes8. 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别一般过去时表示过去发生了某一动作，与现在无关，常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用。如：I read the book yesterday.现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现
9、在的影响。如：I have read the book.比较：She lived here in 2008. She has lived here since 2008.1. Sam _ Chinese since he came to China. He speaks good Chinese now.A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. will learn 2. Have you finished your homework _?-Not _. Ill need another hour.A. already; already B. yet; ye
10、tC. ever; yet D. ever; already3. Where is Mr. Smith? -She _ to England. A. has gone B. has been C. went D. goes用所给单词的适当形式填空1. Im sure we _ (meet) somewhere before.2. Linda _ (be) in Shanghai for a few days.3. I _ (no hear) from him since 2008.4. They _ (visit) their teacher already.5. The man _ (die
11、) for many years.6. _ the children ever _ (be) to Beijing?同义句转换1. We joined the army in 2009.We _ _ _ the army since 2009.2. The meeting has been on for ten minutes.The meeting _ ten minutes _.3. We borrowed the bike two days ago.We _ _ the bike _ two days.4. Jack left his hometown in 2002.Jack _ _ _ _ his hometown _ 2002.5. I bought the pen a week ago.I _ _ the pen _ a week ago.
