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1、Lesson 75sos=save our souls S.O.S.-S.O.S.-求救信号求救信号 很多人都以为很多人都以为S.O.S.S.O.S.是由一些单字的首字母是由一些单字的首字母缩写而成，如缩写而成，如Save Our SoulsSave Our Souls（拯救我们的生命！（拯救我们的生命！），），Save Our ShipSave Our Ship（拯救我们的船只！）等。（拯救我们的船只！）等。真是这样的吗？真是这样的吗？其实，其实，S.O.S.S.O.S.是国际是国际莫尔斯电码救难信号莫尔斯电码救难信号，并非任何单字的缩写。并非任何单字的缩写。国际无线电报公约组织于国际无线电
2、报公约组织于19081908年正式将它确年正式将它确定为国际通用海难求救信号。这三个字母组定为国际通用海难求救信号。这三个字母组合没有任何实际意义，只是因为它的电码合没有任何实际意义，只是因为它的电码 .-.-.-.（三个圆点，三个破折号，然后再加三（三个圆点，三个破折号，然后再加三个圆点）在电报中是发报方最容易发出，接个圆点）在电报中是发报方最容易发出，接报方最容易辨识的电码。报方最容易辨识的电码。单词学习单词学习thick signal stamp helicopter scene survivor adj.厚的厚的n.信号信号v.跺，踩跺，踩n.直升飞机直升飞机n.现场现场n.幸存者幸存
3、者Thick1）adj.厚的厚的一层厚厚的油漆一层厚厚的油漆a thick coat of paint2）浓密的浓密的,稠密的稠密的;茂密的茂密的浓密的头发浓密的头发 眉毛眉毛thick hair eyebrows茂密的森林茂密的森林a thick forest3）adj.浓的浓的,深的深的;大的大的浓雾浓雾a thick fog一片漆黑一片漆黑thick darkness4）adv.厚厚,浓浓别把奶油涂得太厚别把奶油涂得太厚Dont spread the butter too thick.Signal1）n.信号信号我们住的离城里太远我们住的离城里太远,不能收到清晰的电视图不能收到清晰的电视
4、图像。像。We live too far from the city to get a strong television signal.2）V.发信号发信号 signal for/to 他作手势要侍者拿菜单来。他作手势要侍者拿菜单来。He signaled the waiter to bring the menu.The teacher signaled for quiet.Stampv.跺，踩跺，踩他踩熄香烟他踩熄香烟He stamped out the cigarette.stamp out 踩出，踩灭踩出，踩灭He stamped out a burning stick.He stam
5、p his name on all his books.n.邮票，章邮票，章自从他八岁的时候就自从他八岁的时候就已经集邮了。已经集邮了。He has been collecting stamps since he was eight.None is genuine without our stamp.未盖我们的戳记的都未盖我们的戳记的都不是真货。不是真货。helicopter n.直升飞机直升飞机可以表示飞机的词语可以表示飞机的词语plane;airplane;aero-plane;aircraft 用直升机把他送到了医院。用直升机把他送到了医院。He was sent to the hosp
6、ital by helicopter.scene n.（事件发生的）地点，现场事件发生的）地点，现场一架直升飞机很快飞抵出事现场搭救幸存者一架直升飞机很快飞抵出事现场搭救幸存者A helicopter soon arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors.在谋杀案现场发现了这些东西。在谋杀案现场发现了这些东西。These things were found on the scene of the murder.n.风景，景色；景象风景，景色；景象漂亮的景色总是能让我很开心。漂亮的景色总是能让我很开心。A beautiful scene always
7、 makes me delighted.survivor n.幸存者幸存者(指人指人)同根词：同根词：survival n.幸存，残存物幸存，残存物 survive v.生存；存活下来生存；存活下来我学过如何生活，但是现在我知道了如何生存。我学过如何生活，但是现在我知道了如何生存。I have learnt how to live,but now I know how to survive.我在那场大火中幸存了下来。我在那场大火中幸存了下来。I survived after the fire.survive+sth.(灾难灾难)经过某种灾难还存在，还活着经过某种灾难还存在，还活着这房子在地震后
8、仍然存在。这房子在地震后仍然存在。The house survived the earthquake.How did the woman get help?Why did the plane crash?Because the plane flew off its course.Who saw the letters SOS in the snow?A pilot When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago,it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed.off
9、course 脱离轨道脱离轨道在风暴中，船脱离了其航线。在风暴中，船脱离了其航线。During the storm,the ship went off course.kill v.杀（仅表示被杀死了，不一定是人为的杀（仅表示被杀死了，不一定是人为的杀死杀死,有可能是火灾等）有可能是火灾等）他死于战争他死于战争He was killed in the war.murder v.谋杀（故意杀死）谋杀（故意杀死）The only passengers,a young woman and her two baby daughters,were unhurt.It was the middle of w
10、inter.货车司机没有受伤就逃脱了，但是一个行人受货车司机没有受伤就逃脱了，但是一个行人受伤了。伤了。The lorry driver escaped unhurt,but a pedestrian was injured.middle of winter 隆冬隆冬middle of summer盛夏盛夏Snow lay thick on the ground.The woman knew that the nearest village was miles away.lay 是系动词是系动词,thick是形容词作表语，表示主语是形容词作表语，表示主语的状态或性质。的状态或性质。老人病怏怏的
11、躺着。老人病怏怏的躺着。The old man lies ill.miles away 几英里之外几英里之外邮局在五百米以外。邮局在五百米以外。The post office is five hundred meters away.When it grew dark,she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it,covering them with all the clothes she could find.During the night,it got terribly cold.turninto=chang
12、e sth.into 把把变成变成热使水变成蒸气热使水变成蒸气Heat turns water into vapor.get 作不及物动词时可以表示作不及物动词时可以表示“变得变得”：天气变得越来越暖和了。天气变得越来越暖和了。It is getting warmer and warmer.Grammar-独立主格结构独立主格结构l“独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语，加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。l功能：是一种从属分句，在句中有多种作用。如：表原因、表条件、表方式、表伴随、表时间等，在句中通常起状语作用。Grammar-独立主格结构独立主格结构l形式：l
13、-ing 分词独立主格结构；They jumped and cheered,tears running down their faces.l-ed分词独立主格结构；The old man sat in his chair,his eyes closed.l无动词独立主格结构等。She hurried into the classroom,books in hand.Grammar-独立主格结构独立主格结构Pay attention:l当分词短语等结构的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，逻辑主语不能省略。She turned a suitcase into a bed and put the chil
14、dren inside it,covering them with all the clothes she could find.They jumped and cheered,tears running down their faces.The old man sat in his chair,his eyes closed.She hurried into the classroom,books in hand.Grammar-独立主格结构独立主格结构Pay attention:独立主格结构与固定的习惯短语l有的分词短语可以独立存在，在句子中没有逻辑上的主语，实际上已经成了习惯短语。Gen
15、erally speaking,this rule is very easy to understand.l有些固定短语是带to的不定式，表明说话人的立场和态度，在句中作独立成分。To be honest,to be frank,etc.The woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself,but it was too small.asas sb.can/could=asas possible 尽可能的尽可能的他尽量多的获取食物，然后出发。他尽量多的获取食物
16、，然后出发。He got as much food as he could and set out.告诉吉姆让他尽快到我办公室来。告诉吉姆让他尽快到我办公室来。Tell Jim to come to my office as soon as he can.near to=close toGrammar-asas 的用法lasas意为“和一样”，表示同级的比较。l基本用法:as+adj./adv.+asMy book is as interesting as yours.not as/so+adj./adv.+as This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think it is.若有修饰成分，如twice,three times,half,a quarter等，则其必须置于第一个as之前。She will not go out with a man who is twice as old as she.Grammar-asas 的用法l几个关于asas的常见句型：asas possible/can 尽可能的 asas usual/before
