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1、Lesson 77 A successful operation The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C.has just had an operation.死于公元前800年的一位埃及妇女的木乃伊刚刚接受了一次手术。B.C.=Before Christ公元前，放在年代的后面。A.D.=anno Domini(=in the year of the Lord=since Christ was born)公元前（位于年代之前，常常可以省略。）公元前55年罗马人入侵了英格兰。The Romans invaded England in 5
2、5 B.C.乔治一世死于公元1727年。George I died in A.D.1727.operation U way in which sth works;working 运转;操作;工作:C (on sb)(for sth);(to do sth)(medical医)action performed by a surgeon on any part of the body,to treat or remove by cutting a diseased or an injured part 手术:perform an operation onundergo an operation f
3、or a liver operation 肝脏手术 an operation is usually performed by a _a.doctorb.dentistc.scientistd.surgeondThe mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes.这是曾在底比斯神殿里当过歌手的赛潘姆特的木乃伊。that指代上文当中出现的名词 the mummy，以避免重复。在指代特指事物时，尤其是在比较状语从句中，常用 that和 those指代提到的事物：这里的生活费用比伦敦的要低。The co
4、st of living here is lower than that in London.that of和those of一般用于较正式的文体中：Its colder than Guangzhou.（北京、广州是地点，只有大小之分，本身没有冷和热）The weather of Beijing is colder than Guangzhou.The weather of Beijing is colder than the weather of Guangzhou.=The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Guangzhou.书本二的考试
5、比书本一的难。The texts of Book Two are more difficult than those of Book One.美国的面积比英国的大。The area of the USA is larger than that of Britain.汤姆的笔比其他男孩的要好。Toms pen is better than that of the other boys.As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy,doctors have been trying to find out whe
6、ther the woman died of a rare disease.由于在给这个木乃伊拍摄的X光片子上有点奇怪的斑点，所以，医生们一直试图搞清这位妇女是否死于一种罕见的疾病。take plates of sth.给拍片子 take photos of the mountain take plate拍片子，take photo拍照片 die 是瞬间动词，不能和段时间连用。要和段时间连用，就必须变成系表结构be dead。die不能用be doing形式。若用了be doing，表示即将发生的动作。He has died for three years.死于车祸 die in the ac
7、cident die of+内因死于 死于饥饿 die of hunger 死于悲哀 die of grief die from+外因死于 死于污染的空气 die from the polluted air他死于心脏病。He died from the heart disease.在日常生活表达当中，die of和die from可以互换。doctors operated on the mummy_a.to find out what the womanhad dis ofb.to find out what was inside itc.to remove a small wax figur
8、e of the god,Duamutefd.because the woman died of a rare diseaseathey wanted to know if the woman had died of a rare _a.illnessb.painc.ached.hurtaThe only way to do this was to operate.搞清的唯一办法就是手术。way+of做的方式（做定语）way+to do做的方式（做定语）operate(a)work;be in action 工作;运转:这台机器日夜运转.This machine operates night
9、and day.电梯有些失灵了.The lift was not operating properly.(b)cause(a machine,etc)to work;control 开动（机器等）;操纵;操作:他是开电梯的.He operates the lift.I,Ipr,It have or produce an effect;be in action 有效;起作用;发生影响:有五个国家实施这种体制.The system operates in five countries.Ipr,Tn (from sth)do business;经营;管理或掌管（某事物）:他们管着三家工厂和一个大仓库
10、.They operate three factories and a huge warehouse.I,Ipr (on sb)(for sth)perform a surgical operation 动手术:医生决定马上（给她）动手术.The doctors decided to operate(on her)immediately.the only way to do this.there was onlt one way_ doing this.a.in b.of c.byd.tob The operation,which lasted for over four hours,prov
11、ed to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin.手术持续了4个多小时，非常难做，因为皮肤上覆盖着一层硬硬的树脂。last vi.持续，延续（常跟一个表示时间的名词或短语，没有被动语态）last直接加时间或加for+时间 会议持续了三小时。The meeting lasts(for)three hours.这两个国家之间的战争持续了3年多。The war between the two countries lasted(for)over three years.prove vt.证明，证实（后面可跟
12、从句、形容词、名词、不定式等）我将会证明给你看。I will prove it to you.我们一直试图把房子卖掉，不过事实证明这是很困难的。Weve been trying to sell our house,but its proved to be very difficult.你应该首先证明这些物品你是从这里买的。You should first prove that you bought these goods here.Skin，Leather and Complexion skin n.人体的皮肤；指某人是什么颜色的皮肤（可与complexion互换）皮肤上覆盖着一层厚厚的树脂。
13、Hard resin covered the skin.他皮肤黝黑。He has a dark skin/complexion.leather n.皮革 真皮做的鞋子现在非常贵。Shoes made of real leather have become very expensive.这沙发是真皮做的。This sofa is made from real plexion n.肤色她肤色很好。She has a lovely complexion.The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory.医生们
14、从木乃伊身上取下一个切片，送去化验。section C any of the parts into which sth may be or has been divided 部分:这段路已经封闭.This section of the road is closed.They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show:a small wax figure of the god Duamutef.他们还发现了X光片所没有显示的东西：一个蜡制的杜瓦木特夫神小塑像。Wax and Candle wax n.蜡（不可数名词）这个店里
15、所有的塑像都是蜡制的。All the figures in this shop are made of wax.candle n.蜡烛（可数名词）我床边总放一支蜡烛，以防突然停电。I keep a candle by my bed in case the lights go out suddenly.This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy.这种牛头人身的神像通常被放在木乃伊体内。The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died.医生们至今
16、还未确定这位妇女的死因。what 对名词提问，how对副词或介词短语提问。how在这里是对of sth.提问的。要想用 what提问，died后面加 of。decide v.做出最终的判断，对下判决，解决（悬案）警方尚不能确定这两人中哪个有罪。The police cannot decide yet which of the two men is guilty.the doctors_a.found out what they were looking forb.couldnt prevent the mummy from falling to piecesc.havent yet found out what they were looking ford.expected to find the small wax figure inside the mummycwhat did the woman died of?_ did the woman die?a.howb.wherec.whatd.whena They feared that the mummy would fall t
