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1、Lesson 62 Affer the fireFiremen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control.消防队员们同那场森林大火搏斗了将近3个星期才最后把火势控制住.fight (a)I,Ipr (against/with sb/sth)struggle against sb/sth using physical force,in a war,battle,etc 搏斗;打架;打仗;作战:为作战而受训的士兵soldiers training t
2、o fight The two dogs were fighting over a bone.两只狗为一块骨头撕咬.Have you been fighting with(ie against)your brother again?你又跟弟弟打架了吧?(b)Ipr,Tn (against)sth strive to overcome,destroy or prevent sth 争取克服 战胜 摧毁或防止（某事物）:fight(against)poverty与贫困现象作斗争 fight a fire 救火(c)Ipr,Tn.pr make(ones way)or achieve(sth)by
3、fighting or effort（经奋斗或努力）开（路）或获得（某事物）:We had to fight(our way)through the crowded streets.我们得从街道上熙熙攘攘的人群中挤过去.(d)I,Ipr (about/over sth)quarrel or argue 争吵;争论:Its a trivial matter and not worth fighting about.区区小事不值得争吵.fighter n 1.person who fights in war or in sport 战士;战斗者;游戏或比赛的参加者.她不会轻易放弃的,她十分顽强.S
4、he wont give up easily,shes a real fighter.get it under control表示“使它得到控制”，get有“使处于某种状态”的含义，“get+宾语+介词短语”作宾补 control n.控制 under control在控制之下,被控制 out of control失控 你最好管住你的狗。Youd better get your dog under control.The Government can no longer keep prices under control.政府已控制不住物价。control sth.I can control
5、it.=I can manage it.我能对付(口语)A short time before,great trees had covered the countryside for miles around.就在不久之前,参天大树还覆盖着方圆数英里的土地.a short time before不久以前，从过去某一点时间算起，一段时间以前 for miles around方圆几英里（around表示“在周围，向四周”）方圆数英里之内这是唯一的一座现代化建筑。This is the only modern building for miles around.Now,smoke still ros
6、e up from the warm ground over the desolate hills.而现在,发热的地面上仍然升腾着烟雾,弥漫在荒凉的山丘上.rise up(from)升上来 smoke n.烟（雾）full of smoke充满烟雾 smokey adj.多烟的（名词加-y,变为形容词）smoker n.抽烟的人 heavy smoker烟瘾重的人；non smoker不抽烟的人 smoke v.吸烟 Dont smoke!=No smoking!He smoked heavily.smoking area/smoking room吸烟室 cigarette cigar des
7、olate(a)(of a place)deserted and miserable（指地方）无人烟的,荒凉的,荒芜的:a desolate industrial landscape 工业废墟(b)miserable and without friends;lonely and sad 凄凉而无友的;孤凄的:a desolate person,life孤独而凄凉的人 生活她走後,我们都觉得万分孤寂.We all felt absolutely desolate when she left.desolately adv.desolate v Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态 1 le
8、ave(a place)ruined and deserted 使（某处）沦为废墟;使荒凉:a city desolated by civil strife 遭内乱破坏的城市.2 make(sb)sad and hopeless 使（某人）悲伤绝望:a family desolated by the loss of a child 因失去孩子而悲痛欲绝的一家人desolation 1.desolating or being desolated(desolate v 1)遗弃;荒凉;破坏:the desolation caused by war 战争造成的满目疮痍.2.misery;loneli
9、ness 凄凉;孤寂:desolate adj.荒凉的（与地方相连，表示无人居住,荒无人烟的）；极度孤独的(与人相连时)lonely adj.孤独的，荒凉的，偏僻的（与地方连表示孤零零的，但并不表示无人居住）Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction,for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well.冬季即将来临,这些山丘对周围的村庄具有毁
10、灭性的威胁,因为大雨不仅会冲走土壤,而且还会引起严重的水灾.threaten v.威胁的(1)sb(with sth)make a threat or threats against sb;try to influence sb by threats 恐吓或威胁某人:threaten to do sth.威胁着要做（与人相连）；有迹象表明 threaten sb.with sth.以来威胁/恐吓某人 小偷用刀子威胁他。The thief threatened him with a knife.(2)use(sth)as a threat 用（某事）相要挟:The hijackers threa
11、tened to kill all the passengers if their demands were not met.劫机者扬言若不满足他们的要求,就把乘客都杀死.(3)give warning of(sth)预示（某事）:有迹象表明天要下雨了。It threatened to rain.surrounding adj.周围的 surroundings n.环境(在周边的事物)atmosphere n.大气层,氛围(在周边的人文环境)destruction n.destroying or being destroyed 破坏;摧毁;毁灭destroy v.破坏 destructive
12、adj.毁灭性的 construct v.建设(为创造更好的条件)construction n.建设,建筑 construction bank建设银行 constructive adj.建设性的(意见)flood n.洪水,水灾 flood=floods 都对，都可以用，无区别 winter was coming on冬季即将来临(季节的来临的通用表达式)，come on的过去进行时形式表示的是过去将来时，它在这里表示季节的“到来，来临”：When spring comes on,there will be flowers everywhere.春天到来时到处都是鲜花。夜晚来临时我仍在森林里。
13、I was still in the forest when night came on.wash away冲掉，冲走，洗掉 一座木桥被洪水冲走了。A wooden bridge was washed away by the flood.我无法把这污点洗去。I cant wash the spot away.When the fire had at last been put out,the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly.在大火最后
14、被扑灭后,森林管理当局订购了好几吨一种生长迅速的特殊类型的草籽.put out扑灭 type 强调与其他同类的东西有明显不同的特征的种类，与kind有区别 authority(a)power to give orders and make others obey 权力;权威:The leader must be a person of authority.领袖必须是有权威的人.She now has authority over the people she used to take orders from.她现在有权力支配那些一贯向她发号施令的人.(b)(to do sth)right to
15、 act in a specific way 职权;权限:我们有权搜查这座建筑物.We have the authority to search this building.authority n.权威（单数）n.当局(常用复数authorities)The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes.飞机把这种草籽大量地撒播在地上.spray v.喷撒 spray sth.over/on往上喷洒 spray water over/on flower spray grass-seed over/on the
16、 ground quantity单数时仅表示“数量”，既可以用于表示多也可以用于表示少：They drank a large/great/small quantity of beer last night.quantity复数时表示“大量”：He bought books in(large)quantities.quantities of大量的 quality n.质量 sth.with good quality具有好质量的东西 The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain.By then,however,in many places the grass had already taken root.飞机撒播近一个月后,开始下起雨来.然而到那时,很多地方的草已经生了根.take root表示“生根”，这个短语也可以表示某处思想/想法等“扎根”：这种草很容易生根。This type of grass takes root easily.这想法已经在他脑子里生根发芽。The idea h
