《中考英语备课指导：冲刺专题八名词性从句学案.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考英语备课指导：冲刺专题八名词性从句学案.doc（17页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、中考冲刺专题八名词性从句学案专题八 名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一、 主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么
2、成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： a) It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 b) It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型）2. 用it 作形式主语
3、的结构(1) It is 名词 从句It is a fact that 事实是It is an honor that 非常荣幸It is common knowledge that 是常识(2) It is 形容词 从句It is natural that 很自然It is strange that 奇怪的是(3) It is 不及物动词 从句It seems that 似乎It happened that 碰巧It appears that 似乎(4) It 过去分词 从句It is reported that 据报道It has been proved that 已证实 It is sai
4、d that 据说4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语宾语表语，而that 则不然。例如： a) What you said yesterday is right. b) That she is still alive is a consolation二、宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。1. 作动词的宾语(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如：I heard that he joined the army. 我听说他参军了。(2)
5、 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：a) She did not know what had happened.她不知道发生了什么。b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。(3) 动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如：She told me that she would accept my invitation.她对我说她会接受我的邀请。2. 作介词的宾语，例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one
6、another.我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。3. 作形容词的宾语，例如：I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake.我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。4. it 可以作为形式宾语it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如：We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个月就会结婚了。三、表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语连系动词表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look,
7、 remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that 和It is because 等结构。例如：1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.2) This is why we cant get the support of the people.3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.4) The reason he is late for
8、school is that he missed the early bus.四、同位语从句同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。1. 同位语从句的功能同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：1) The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.2. 同位语在句子中的位置同位语从句有
9、时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off._ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires【解析】考查主语从句。意思是，你不能把你email账户的密码告诉别人，这是必须的规定。it
10、 is required是一个完整的句子。that所引导的主语从句正是it 所代表的内容，it是形式主语。【答案】COur bad living habits will destroy the earth. Only by changing _we live can we save the earth.A. that B. what C. how D. where【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:我们坏的生活习惯会破坏地球环境。我们只有改变自己的生活方式才能拯救地球。表示怎样生活这一状态用how。 How引导的从句作changing的宾语。选择题（30分/30min）1. Shed like to
11、offer money to _ needs it to continue his or her study.A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever【解析】考查宾语从句。Whoever作介词to的宾语，同时作宾语从句的主语。【答案】C2. -If you are admitted to a key university, _ as a prize?-Im looking for a cell phone.A. What you expect your father will offer youB. Do you expect what your father
12、 will offer youC. What do you expect will your father offer youD. What do you expect your father will offer you【解析】考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述句的语序。【答案】D3. Generally speaking, _ we have seen seems more believable than _ we have been told.A. what; that B. what; what C. that; what D. that; that【解析】考查主语从句。前一个空填what
13、引导主语从句，作主语从句的主语；后一个空也填what ，作从句的宾语。【答案】B4. After three days waiting, there was a little doubt in the mothers mind _ the police could find her lost child.A. how B. that C. where D. whether【解析】考查同位语从句。Whether所引导的从句补充说明doubt作它的同位语。【答案】D5. My parents used _they had to get a new car for my brother.A. whi
14、ch B. all what C. what D. 不填【解析】考查宾语从句。what作use的宾语，同时也作had的宾语。【答案】C6. Our school is no longer _ it was 10 years ago, _ it was not well equipped.A. what; which B. that; which C. what; when D. that; where【解析】考查表语从句及定语从句。前一个空是what引导的表语从句，后一个空是when引导的非限定性定语从句。【答案】C7. Thinking that you know _ in fact you dont is a serious mistakeA. what B. that C. when D. however【解析】考查宾语从句。What引导宾语从句，做you know的宾语，同时What引导宾语从句中做dont know的宾语，【Thinking that you know what in fact you dont （know
