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1、Lifeinthefuture李仕才一、阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Plastic-EatingWormsHumansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋场),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsom
2、ehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthatthewormschewin
3、galonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,糊theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(状物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmassapparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromthewormsstomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestud
4、y,saysthewormsabilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfoodbeeswaxalsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,sheexplains,Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasn
5、otinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreaking1downinthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchiniagree
6、sandhopesherteamsfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocessnotsimplymillionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A.Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.B.Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures
7、.C.Theycanconsumeplastics.D.Theywindupinlandfills.2.AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto.A.identifyothermeansofthebreakdownB.findoutthesourceoftheenzymeC.confirmtheresearchfindingsD.increasethebreakdownspeed3.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight.A.helptoraisewormsB
8、.helpmakeplasticbags2C.beusedtocleantheoceansD.beproducedinfactoriesinfuture4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainastudymethodonworms.B.Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C.Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.D.Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.【文章大意】本文为说明文。文章介绍了一种吃塑料的虫子大蜡螟，它胃中的酶能够降解塑料，这为解决塑料污染提
9、供了新的途径。1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saysthewormsabilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfoodbeeswaxalsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.可知，研究结果发现，蠕虫分解日常食物的能力让它们可以分解塑料，也就是说它们可以消费塑料。故选C。3.D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocessnotsimplymillionsof
10、wormsthrownontopoftheplastic.可以推断出，Bertocchini希望这种化学物质将来能在工业生产中使用，而不是仅仅依靠蠕虫来分解塑料。故选D。34.C【解析】写作意图题。根据文章第一段最后一句Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.可知，有一种新的方法被用于分解塑料。再根据最后一段最后一句Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialproces
11、snotsimplymillionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.可知，Bertocchini希望将这种方法推广到工业中。由此可以推知写作意图为介绍一种分解塑料的方法。故选C。二、教材与语法填空根据教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IwentintothefuturebecauseI1.(win)aprizethatgaveme2.tour.Isufferedfrom“timelag”whenIleftmyowntime.WangPinggavemesomegreentablets3.couldhelpmefeel4.(little
12、)nervousanduncertain.5.(he)parentscompany,6.(call)“FutureTours”，transportedme7.(safe)intothefutureinatimecapsule.ThefirstthingInoticedwasthepoorqualityoftheair,somyheadached.AndIfoundseveralthings8.(differently):amasktogivemeenoughoxygen;ahoveringcarriagedrivenbycomputer;astrangelookinghouse9.(belong)toWangPingsparents.Therethetreesactedaswallsandprovidedoxygen10.theroom;atable,somechairsandabedrosefromunderthefloorasifbymagic.答案：1.hadwon2.a3.whi
